Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the derivation and validation cohorts. Patients are free from cardiovascular disease and not prescribed statins at baseline. Values are numbers (percentages) of patients unless otherwise stated.
| Derivation cohort (n=2 343 759) |
Validation cohort (n=1 267 159) |
|
|---|---|---|
| Women | 1 189 845 (50.8) | 645 012 (50.9) |
| Mean (SD) age (years) | 48.1 (14.3) | 48.0 (14.2) |
| Mean (SD) Townsend score | −0.2 (3.4) | −0.3 (3.5) |
| Smoking status: | ||
| Non-smoker | 1 176 386 (50.2) | 631 545 (49.8) |
| Former smoker | 356 697 (15.2) | 193 974 (15.3) |
| Current smoker (amount not recorded) | 99 100 (4.2) | 59 178 (4.7) |
| Light smoker (<10 cigarettes/day) | 142 369 (6.1) | 71 037 (5.6) |
| Moderate smoker (10-19/day) | 175 419 (7.5) | 91 679 (7.2) |
| Heavy smoker (≥20/day) | 136 202 (5.8) | 74 056 (5.8) |
| Smoking status not recorded | 257 586 (11.0) | 145 690 (11.5) |
| Ethnic group: | ||
| White or not recorded | 2 229 834 (95.1) | 1 219 987 (96.3) |
| Indian | 22 598 (1.0) | 7 577 (0.6) |
| Pakistani | 11 137 (0.5) | 3 663 (0.3) |
| Bangladeshi | 6 432 (0.3) | 2 632 (0.2) |
| Other Asian | 12 581 (0.5) | 5 032 (0.4) |
| Caribbean | 13 454 (0.6) | 4 666 (0.4) |
| Black African | 20 801 (0.8) | 9 471 (0.8) |
| Chinese | 5 915 (0.3) | 3 068 (0.2) |
| Other | 21 007 (0.9) | 11 063 (0.8) |
| Clinical conditions: | ||
| Treated hypertension* | 132 585 (5.7) | 67 986 (5.4) |
| Type 2 diabetes | 40 504 (1.7) | 20 868 (1.7) |
| Family history of early coronary heart disease† | 247 981 (10.6) | 143 593 (11.3) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 12 031 (0.5) | 6 589 (0.5) |
| Chronic renal disease | 3 594 (0.2) | 1 917 (0.2) |
| Clinical values: | ||
| Systolic blood pressure recorded | 2 027 470 (86.5) | 1 081 944 (85.4) |
| Mean (SD) systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 131.9 (20.5) | 131.7 (20.5) |
| BMI recorded | 1 773 567 (75.7) | 949 434 (74.9) |
| Mean (SD) BMI (kg/m2) | 26.1 (4.5) | 26.1 (4.5) |
| Smoking status and BMI recorded | 1 754 250 (74.9) | 937 808 (74.0) |
| Serum total and HDL cholesterol recorded | 692 590 (29.6) | 354 853 (28.0) |
| Mean (SD) total cholesterol:HDL cholesterol ratio | 4.2 (1.3) | 4.2 (1.3) |
BMI=body mass index; HDL=high density lipoprotein.
*A recorded diagnosis of hypertension and treatment that could include angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, aldosterone antagonists, β blockers, thiazides, or calcium channel blockers.
†Heart disease in a first degree relative aged <60 years.