Table 4.

Multilevel Logistic Regression Models of the Postponement of First Births Among European Women Aged 20–40

Variable	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4	Model 5
Intercept	0.793*** (0.228)	0.862*** (0.235)	−6.336*** (1.909)	−6.211** (2.149)	−6.519** (2.231)
Individual Covariates
(Age – 20)	−0.411*** (0.027)	−0.413*** (0.027)	−0.388*** (0.026)	−0.192*** (0.031)	−0.222***(0.032)
(Age – 20), squared	0.009*** (0.001)	0.009*** (0.001)	0.008*** (0.001)	0.001 (0.001)	0.002 (0.001)
Level of education (ref. = low)
Medium	0.492*** (0.107)	0.485*** (0.109)	0.288** (0.102)	0.421*** (0.116)	0.400*** (0.120)
High	0.780*** (0.135)	0.783*** (0.139)	0.530*** (0.133)	0.731*** (0.155)	0.595*** (0.161)
Years enrolled in full-time education	0.100*** (0.013)	0.096*** (0.014)	0.086*** (0.013)	0.065*** (0.016)	0.056*** (0.016)
Years since first cohabiting with current partner				−0.331*** (0.025)	−0.329*** (0.025)
Years since first cohabiting with current partner, squared				0.012*** (0.001)	0.012*** (0.001)
Married (1 = yes, 0 = no)				−1.008*** (0.104)	−1.061*** (0.107)
Ever had steady job					−0.559† (0.308)
Age at entry					0.050*** (0.013)
Characteristics of Study Fields
Stereotypical gendered family roles attitude			−0.464*** (0.114)	−0.310* (0.127)	−0.329* (0.131)
Proportion of women among graduates			−0.585** (0.211)	−0.530* (0.237)	−0.406† (0.242)
Starting wage relative to country’s median, in 100 euros			0.045*** (0.012)	0.054*** (0.014)	0.051*** (0.014)
Steepness of the earning profile (slope)			7.378*** (1.858)	7.786*** (2.093)	7.904*** (2.168)
Standard Deviations of Random Components
Country level	0.498	0.497	0.100	0.101	0.103
Field of study, by country		0.223	0.269	0.271	0.276
Deviance	5,590	5,585	5,618	4,323	4,130
N (women)	5,584	5,584	5,584	5,502	5,286

Note: Standard errors are in parentheses.

^†p < .10;

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01;

^***p < .001