Effects of chronic exposure to and subsequent withdrawal of progesterone or ethanol on the modulation of THIP-evoked Cl− currents by 3α,5α-THP in rat cerebellar granule cells or hippocampal neurons in culture. Cells were incubated first for 5 days with 100 mM ethanol or 1 μM progesterone (chronic) and then for 6 hours in drug-free medium (withdrawal), after which Cl− currents evoked by THIP (EC10) were measured in the absence or presence of 1 μM 3α,5α-THP. Data are expressed as percentage potentiation of the THIP response by 3α,5α-THP. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 versus control cells (ANOVA followed by Scheffè's post hoc test). Modified with permission from Follesa et al. (2005), Biggio et al. (2006), and Mostallino et al. (2006).