The number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive nerve endings in the 6-OHDA-lesioned striatum (A) and of TH-positive neurons in the substantia nigra (B). Immunohistochemical examination of rat tissue using a TH antibody. Saline (SAL, 1 mL/kg) or mildronate at doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg (M50 and M100, respectively) were administered intraperitoneally for two weeks prior to an injection of 6-OHDA (20 μg) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF); 6-OHDA injection in mildronate-treated rats: M50 + 6-OHDA and M100 + 6-OHDA. Striatum: * p = 0.04, SAL + 6-OHDA vs. SAL + aCSF; ** p = 0.001, M50 + 6-OHDA vs. SAL + 6-OHDA; *** p = 0.0002, M100 + 6-OHDA vs. SAL + 6-OHDA; S. nigra: * p = 0.04, SAL + 6-OHDA vs. Sal + aCSF; ** p = 0.04, M100 + 6-OHDA vs. SAL + 6-OHDA; unpaired t-test. Number of animals per group (n = 8).