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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Dec 9.
Published in final edited form as: Laryngoscope. 2009 Jul;119(7):1365–1373. doi: 10.1002/lary.20173

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) induces a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) dependent upregulation in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels produced by tracheal explants. (A) Tracheal explants were treated with either IL-1β or transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 for 24 hours in incomplete media. (B) Tracheal explants were treated with IL-1β for 24 hours in incomplete media in the presence or absence of a nonspecific COX inhibitor (indomethacin) or specific COX-2 inhibitors (NS-398, nimesulide). Statistical significance is indicated by * representing P < .05, compared to control PGE2 levels and + representing P value < .05, compared to IL-1β-induced PGE2 levels. Note: PGE2 values for tracheal explants treated with IL-1β in the presence of COX inhibitors were below the minimum detecting threshold of the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay employed. As such, all three groups were assigned values of 0.