Table 1.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Bipolar Disorder (n=18)
| Characteristic | No. (%) |
|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 47.9 (13.1) |
| Length of illness, mean (SD), y | 27.6 (11.2) |
| Length of current major depressive episode, mean (SD), mo | 15.1 (13.3) |
| Length of hospitalization prior to randomization, mean (SD), d | 64.7 (53.1) |
| No. of psychotropic medications on admission, mean (SD) | 3.0 (1.8) |
| Length of therapeutic mood stabilizer levels prior to randomization, mean (SD), d | 52.1 (28.2) |
| Lifetime failed antidepressant trials, mean (SD)a | 7.2 (4.0) |
| Female sex | 12 (67) |
| Education | |
| College/graduate school | 12 (67) |
| Incomplete college | 3 (17) |
| High school | 3 (17) |
| Disability | 12 (67) |
| Unemployed | 17 (94) |
| Family history | |
| Mood disorder | 17 (94) |
| Alcohol abuse or dependence | 10 (56) |
| Suicide attempt | 7 (39) |
| Life history | |
| Suicide attempt | 9 (50) |
| Sexual abuse | 7 (39) |
| Physical abuse | 4 (22) |
| Lifetime diagnosis | |
| Alcohol abuse or dependence | 8 (44) |
| Substance abuse or dependence | 9 (50) |
| Anxiety disorder | 6 (33) |
| Bipolar disorder subtype | |
| I | 8 (44) |
| II | 10 (56) |
| Mood stabilizer used for the study | |
| Lithium | 10 (56) |
| Valproate | 8 (44) |
a
Based on modified Antidepressant Treatment History Form criteria.32