Table 1.

Numerical values of parameters

Symbol	Definition	Value	Source
R0	Cell radius	4 μm	(34)
Tc	Cortical tension	24 pN/ μm	(41)
Kc	Microvillus spring constant representing cytoskeletal stiffness	43 pN/μm	Comparison with (23)
Km	Microvillus spring constant representing membrane stiffness	200 pN/μm	Fitting with data of (45)
F0	Transition force	45 pN	(23)
ηm	Membrane viscosity	11 pN-s/μm	Comparison with (23,42)
kf0	Intrinsic bond formation rate	0.1 μm2/s	(32)
kb0	Intrinsic bond breakage rate	1 s−1	(54)
rc	Reactive compliance of bond	0.5 Å	(54)
T	Temperature	37°C
$\overline{N}$ R	Average PSGL-1 density on cell	100 μm−2 (20,000/cell)	(3,55)
NL	Ligand density on substrate	50 μm−2
Nm	Microvillus density on cell	1.25 μm−2	(3,56)
Am	Area of microvillus tip	0.02 μm2	(3,34)
μ	Viscosity of water	0.673 × 10−3 N-s/m2

The values given are those used in the simulation unless otherwise specified.