Characterization of signalling pathways involved in α1-adrenoceptor mediated transactivation of EGFR in rat thoracic aortic rings with intact endothelium. Concentration-response curves to phenylephrine were constructed in the absence and the presence of heparin (A, n = 6), broad spectrum MMP inhibitors; GM 6001 (B, n = 6) and ML5 (C, n = 4), ERK inhibitor; PD98059 (D, n = 6), Src inhibitor; PP1 (E, n = 5), and PI3K inhibitors; wortmannin (F, n = 6) and LY294002 (G, n = 3). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM *P < 0.05 versus DMSO (Vehicle control), #P < 0.05 versus AG1478 (repeated measures anova). EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinases; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase.