TABLE 3.
Associations Between Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and HIV Risk Behaviors: Low-Income Women Seeking Emergency Care in the Bronx, NY, 2001–2003
| No. of Unprotected Vaginal Sex Acts With All Partnersa |
Proportion of Protected Vaginal Sex Acts With All Partnersa |
Unprotected Anal Sexa |
Multiple Sex Partnersb |
Risky Partnersb |
Violence Related to Condom Useb |
|||||||
| Unadjusted IRR (95% CI) | Adjusted IRR (95% CI) | Unadjusted OLS Estimate (95% CI) | Adjusted OLS Estimate (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
| Model 1: PTSD | 1.0 (0.9, 1.2) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.3) | 0.03 (−0.1, 0.2) | 0.001 (−0.2, 0.2) | 1.8 (0.8, 4.3) | 1.0 (0.4, 2.7) | 3.1** (1.6, 6.2) | 2.1 (0.8, 5.5) | 2.4** (1.3, 4.4) | 2.3* (1.1, 4.8) | 3.7** (1.9, 7.0) | 2.3 (0.98, 5.2) |
| Model 2: reexperiencing | 1.0 (0.8, 1.1) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.1) | 0.03 (−0.1, 0.2) | 0.1 (−0.1, 0.2) | 1.6 (0.6, 4.1) | 1.0 (0.3, 3.2) | 6.1** (2.1, 17.8) | 5.9* (1.4, 24.1) | 3.8** (1.8, 8.2) | 4.7** (1.9, 12.0) | 2.5* (1.1, 5.4) | 3.4** (1.4, 8.6) |
| Model 3: avoidance | 1.0 (0.8, 1.2) | 1.0 (0.8, 1.1) | 0.04 (−0.1, 0.2) | 0.01 (−0.1, 0.2) | 1.3 (0.6, 3.1) | 0.6 (0.2, 1.7) | 4.0** (2.0, 8.2) | 4.3** (1.5, 12.7) | 3.6** (2.0, 6.5) | 3.7** (1.7, 7.8) | 6.7** (3.3, 13.6) | 7.3** (3.1, 17.2) |
| Model 4: arousal | 0.9 (0.8, 1.1) | 0.9 (0.8, 1.1) | 0.04 (−0.1, 0.2) | 0.003 (−0.1, 0.1) | 1.9 (0.8, 4.6) | 0.8 (0.3, 2.2) | 5.4** (2.5, 11.9) | 4.4** (1.6, 12.4) | 2.5** (1.4, 4.7) | 2.3* (1.1, 4.8) | 3.1** (1.5, 6.3) | 3.6** (1.5, 8.6) |
Note. CI = confidence interval; IRR = incidence rate ratio; OLS = ordinary least square; OR = odds ratio. Sample size was n = 241. Values were derived from unadjusted and adjusted models with propensity score weighting. The adjusted covariates were age, ethnicity (Black, Latino, other), homelessness, employment, years of schooling, heavy episode drinking, illicit drug use, childhood sexual abuse, and physical or injurious intimate partner violence. The same covariates were used for propensity score weighting.
a
Past 30 days.
b
Past 6 months.
*P < .05; **P < .01.