Experimental setup of direct coherently scattered x-ray data collection. An x-ray cone beam is collimated with a pinhole aperture to form a pencil beam. The scattered rays emerging from all points in the thin sheet of the selected material transversed by the scatter about the pencil beam were recorded by a CCD array. [Left schematic is modified and reproduced with permission from C.-W. Cui, S. M. Jorgensen, D. R. Eaker, and E. L. Ritman, Proc. SPIE 7078, 70781S (2008).]