Quantification of (A) mean linear intercept, (B) alveolar crest, (C) number of pulmonary vessels, and (D) medial wall thickness determined on paraffin sections after late treatment and recovery on Days 9 (open bars) and 18 (solid bars) in room air (RA) and O2-exposed pups (O2) daily injected either with saline, apelin, Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), or a combination of apelin and l-NAME. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 8). ***P < 0.001 versus age-matched O2-exposed control pups. ΔΔΔP < 0.001 versus own RA control pups. $P < 0.05, $$P < 0.01, $$$P < 0.001 versus apelin-treated O2 pups. δP < 0.05, δδP < 0.01, δδδP < 0.001 versus own treatment control pups in hyperoxic period. nd = not determined.