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Mechanism of miRNA action on target mRNA. According to the complementarity between miRNA and 3' untranslated region (UTR) of target mRNA, there are two mechanisms of miRNA action: (A) when miRNA is near-perfectly complementary with target mRNA, deadenylation and subsequent degradation of the target mRNA occurs (major mechanism of miRNA action); (B) when miRNA is only partially complementary to its target mRNA, translational inhibition occurs. Adopted from Brodersen et al [24].
