Table 4.
Analysis of frequency and duration of awakenings and EEG arousals in periods with and without noise exposure during both exposure and noise free control nights
| Mean (SE) |
Difference (SE) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CONTROL | SINGLE | DOUBLE | TRIPLE | CTRL-SGL | CTRL-DBL | CTRL-TPL | SGL-DBL | SGL-TPL | DBL-TPL | |
| Periods without noise exposure | ||||||||||
| Awakenings per h TST [N] | 3.2 (0.2) | 2.8 (0.1) | 2.7 (0.1) | 2.7 (0.2) | 0.4 (0.1)** | 0.5 (0.1)** | 0.5 (0.2)** | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.0 (0.1) |
| Arousals per h TST [N] | 14.2 (0.8) | 14.0 (0.7) | 14.3 (0.7) | 14.6 (0.8) | 0.3 (0.5) | -0.0 (0.5) | -0.0 (0.6) | -0.3 (0.4) | -0.7 (0.5) | -0.4 (0.5) |
| Awakening duration [s] | 154.8 (18.2) | 145.0 (12.8) | 156.1 (12.8) | 167.4 (18.2) | 9.9 (18.7) | -1.2 (18.7) | -12.6 (22.8) | -11.1 (13.5) | -22.5 (18.7) | -11.4 (18.7) |
| Arousal duration [s] | 20.3 (1.8) | 19.6 (1.4) | 20.1 (1.4) | 19.4 (1.8) | 0.7 (1.6) | 0.1 (1.6) | 0.9 (1.9) | -0.6 (1.1) | 0.2 (1.6) | 0.8 (1.6) |
| Periods with noise exposure | ||||||||||
| Awakenings per h TST [N] | 8.9 (0.5) | 7.2 (0.5) | 6.0 (0.7) | 1.7 (0.5)*** | 2.9 (0.6)*** | 1.2 (0.6) | ||||
| Arousals per h TST [N] | 28.9 (1.3) | 25.6 (1.3) | 23.3 (1.6) | 3.2 (0.8)*** | 5.5 (1.2)*** | 2.3 (1.2) | ||||
| Awakening duration [s] | 131.7 (15.7) | 174.4 (15.6) | 150.8 (24.2) | -42.7 (19.2) | -19.1 (26.7) | 23.6 (26.7) | ||||
| Arousal duration [s] | 20.3 (1.7) | 22.9 (1.7) | 20.9 (2.5) | -2.5 (2.0) | -0.5 (2.7) | 2.0 (2.7) | ||||
SE refers to standard error; TST, total sleep time
*
P < 0.05
**
P < 0.01
***
P < 0.001 after controlling for a false discovery rate, i.e., the expected fraction of null hypotheses rejected mistakenly, of 0.05(*), 0.01(**), and 0.001(***), respectively.