Table 5.
Adjusted ORsa (95% CIs) for ALT elevation by exposure quartile for non–dioxin-like PCBs in adults, NHANES 2003–2004.
| Pollutant (lipid adjusted) | Detection rate (%) | Not detectable (cases/total) | Detectable [median concentration, cases/total, OR (95% CI)] |
p-Value |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First quartile | Second quartile | Third quartile | Fourth quartile | Trend | Adjusted trendb | |||
| PCB-44 (ng/g) | 99.9 | 1.00 | 1.70 | 2.49 | 4.00 | 0.587 | 0.734 | |
| 17/146 | 9/133 | 21/162 | 16/136 | |||||
| Referent | 0.6 (0.2–2.1) | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 1.0 (0.4–2.7) | |||||
| PCB-49 (ng/g) | 99.4 | 0.63 | 1.10 | 1.60 | 2.55 | 0.779 | 0.928 | |
| 1/3 | 17/146 | 10/131 | 17/155 | 18/139 | ||||
| Referent | 0.2 (0.0–3.2) | 0.1 (0.0–2.1) | 0.2 (0.0–2.4) | 0.2 (0.0–4.0) | ||||
| PCB-52 (ng/g) | 100.0 | 1.27 | 2.17 | 3.40 | 5.40 | 0.571 | 0.734 | |
| 18/150 | 11/128 | 11/159 | 23/143 | |||||
| Referent | 0.7 (0.3–1.8) | 0.5 (0.2–1.0) | 1.5 (0.6–3.8) | |||||
| PCB-87 (ng/g) | 83.5 | 0.57 | 0.90 | 1.20 | 2.01 | 0.354 | 0.520 | |
| 11/95 | 16/120 | 5/118 | 13/119 | 18/128 | ||||
| Referent | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) | 0.3 (0.1–0.7) | 0.9 (0.5–1.7) | 1.3 (0.6–2.7) | ||||
| PCB-99 (ng/g) | 100.0 | 1.73 | 3.15 | 5.40 | 12.90 | 0.149 | 0.286 | |
| 16/139 | 13/156 | 19/146 | 15/135 | |||||
| Referent | 1.1 (0.5–2.6) | 2.1 (0.6–7.9) | 2.4 (0.7–8.9) | |||||
| PCB-101 (ng/g) | 96.6 | 0.76 | 1.42 | 2.20 | 4.00 | 0.210 | 0.336 | |
| 2/18 | 14/148 | 12/127 | 12/144 | 23/144 | ||||
| Referent | 0.3 (0.1–1.8) | 0.3 (0.1–1.5) | 0.4 (0.1–2.1) | 0.7 (0.1–3.9) | ||||
| PCB-110 (ng/g) | 98.4 | 0.51 | 1.00 | 1.59 | 3.03 | 0.427 | 0.593 | |
| 1/7 | 17/152 | 12/138 | 12/146 | 21/136 | ||||
| Referent | 0.5 (0.1–5.4) | 0.4 (0.0–4.4) | 0.4 (0.0–4.4) | 0.8 (0.1–6.9) | ||||
| PCB-138 and PCB-158 (ng/g) | 100.0 | 4.58 | 11.07 | 25.10 | 57.98 | 0.001 | 0.009 | |
| 15/148 | 14/140 | 15/159 | 19/133 | |||||
| Referent | 1.9 (0.8–4.1) | 2.5 (1.0–6.0) | 6.7 (2.1–21.5) | |||||
| PCB-146 (ng/g) | 99.2 | 0.61 | 1.70 | 4.00 | 8.90 | 0.004 | 0.019 | |
| 0/7 | 14/140 | 18/148 | 14/147 | 17/139 | ||||
| Referent | 2.2 (1.0–4.5) | 2.7 (1.1–6.9) | 6.8 (1.8–25.5) | |||||
| PCB-149 (ng/g) | 95.8 | 0.31 | 0.52 | 0.79 | 1.33 | 0.215 | 0.336 | |
| 4/19 | 13/135 | 12/133 | 11/160 | 21/129 | ||||
| Referent | 0.2 (0.1–0.7) | 0.3 (0.1–0.9) | 0.2 (0.0–0.8) | 0.6 (0.2–2.0) | ||||
| PCB-151 (ng/g) | 80.2 | 0.19 | 0.30 | 0.41 | 0.79 | 0.030 | 0.068 | |
| 11/115 | 14/113 | 8/112 | 10/116 | 19/121 | ||||
| Referent | 1.1 (0.3–3.6) | 0.8 (0.3–2.1) | 1.0 (0.4–2.3) | 2.6 (1.2–5.8) | ||||
| PCB-153 (ng/g) | 100.0 | 5.59 | 15.18 | 35.01 | 75.55 | 0.006 | 0.023 | |
| 17/145 | 13/147 | 14/153 | 19/136 | |||||
| Referent | 1.5 (0.6–3.6) | 2.3 (0.7–7.4) | 7.2 (1.7–29.9) | |||||
| PCB-170 (ng/g) | 99.2 | 1.40 | 4.56 | 11.00 | 22.70 | 0.015 | 0.042 | |
| 0/3 | 15/147 | 18/141 | 17/151 | 13/137 | ||||
| Referent | 2.1 (1.0–4.3) | 3.1 (1.1–8.7) | 4.4 (1.3–14.4) | |||||
| PCB-172 (ng/g) | 77.1 | 0.42 | 1.10 | 1.99 | 3.73 | 0.007 | 0.023 | |
| 13/131 | 15/120 | 12/107 | 13/119 | 10/100 | ||||
| Referent | 1.4 (0.7–3.1) | 2.1 (0.8–5.4) | 2.7 (0.9–8.1) | 3.4 (1.2–9.7) | ||||
| PCB-177 (ng/g) | 89.3 | 0.53 | 1.30 | 2.70 | 6.00 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
| 7/60 | 9/123 | 16/144 | 15/124 | 16/128 | ||||
| Referent | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 2.0 (1.0–3.9) | 4.2 (1.7–10.4) | 6.5 (2.8–15.3) | ||||
| PCB-178 (ng/g) | 85.9 | 0.40 | 1.20 | 2.44 | 4.86 | 0.014 | 0.042 | |
| 7/70 | 16/130 | 13/133 | 17/127 | 10/118 | ||||
| Referent | 1.7 (0.8–3.9) | 2.1 (1.0–4.6) | 4.6 (1.4–15.3) | 4.8 (1.3–17.4) | ||||
| PCB-180 (ng/g) | 99.8 | 3.40 | 11.90 | 29.40 | 66.51 | 0.206 | 0.336 | |
| 16/145 | 17/147 | 19/151 | 11/137 | |||||
| Referent | 1.5 (0.7–3.2) | 2.5 (0.9–7.3) | 2.4 (0.6–10.4) | |||||
| PCB-183 (ng/g) | 93.6 | 0.60 | 1.40 | 2.99 | 6.37 | 0.017 | 0.042 | |
| 2/33 | 16/131 | 17/150 | 11/133 | 17/132 | ||||
| Referent | 2.4 (0.4–15.4) | 4.0 (0.6–26.8) | 3.1 (0.4–23.2) | 7.8 (0.9–63.9) | ||||
| PCB-187 (ng/g) | 99.2 | 1.10 | 3.40 | 8.33 | 18.40 | < 0.001 | 0.002 | |
| 0/4 | 13/136 | 19/158 | 14/142 | 17/138 | ||||
| Referent | 2.8 (1.6–5.0) | 4.6 (1.6–13.3) | 10.5 (3.2–34.6) | |||||
| PCB-194 (ng/g) | 87.8 | 1.00 | 3.57 | 7.87 | 16.57 | 0.881 | 0.958 | |
| 9/68 | 17/125 | 13/123 | 15/137 | 9/114 | ||||
| Referent | 1.2 (0.6–2.5) | 1.0 (0.4–2.4) | 1.1 (0.4–2.7) | 1.2 (0.3–4.6) | ||||
| PCB-195 (ng/g) | 65.5 | 0.60 | 1.40 | 2.33 | 4.23 | 0.862 | 0.958 | |
| 26/198 | 9/97 | 13/93 | 6/79 | 9/93 | ||||
| Referent | 0.6 (0.2–1.6) | 1.3 (0.5–3.4) | 0.6 (0.2–1.8) | 1.2 (0.5–2.9) | ||||
| PCB-196 and PCB-203 (ng/g) | 93.6 | 0.80 | 2.60 | 5.92 | 12.50 | < 0.001 | 0.002 | |
| 2/38 | 18/133 | 13/139 | 16/138 | 14/130 | ||||
| Referent | 3.6 (0.9–13.8) | 4.1 (1.1–16.0) | 8.2 (1.7–39.3) | 14.7 (3.3–65.3) | ||||
| PCB-199 (ng/g) | 92.8 | 0.81 | 3.00 | 7.34 | 16.79 | 0.093 | 0.194 | |
| 4/40 | 19/127 | 12/149 | 17/129 | 11/128 | ||||
| Referent | 1.9 (0.9–4.2) | 1.2 (0.7–2.1) | 2.5 (1.2–5.3) | 3.3 (0.9–12.4) | ||||
| PCB-206 (ng/g) | 96.9 | 0.50 | 1.60 | 4.40 | 10.90 | 0.971 | 0.982 | |
| 2/15 | 20/148 | 13/141 | 20/140 | 8/131 | ||||
| Referent | 1.0 (0.4–2.6) | 0.8 (0.3–2.3) | 1.3 (0.6–3.2) | 0.9 (0.3–2.2) | ||||
| PCB-209 (ng/g) | 96.4 | 0.40 | 0.93 | 2.73 | 8.79 | 0.982 | 0.982 | |
| 0/18 | 23/147 | 15/142 | 14/134 | 10/131 | ||||
| Referent | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) | 0.8 (0.4–1.8) | 1.1 (0.3–3.9) | |||||
Non–dioxin-like PCBs were measured in serum and are reported as lipid-adjusted values.
a
ORs were adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, PIR, HOMA-IR, and BMI.
b
Additionally adjusted for multiple comparisons.