Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Computed variation in the radius of curvature as the energy dissipation due to friction (0% to 50% of input work) and needle diameter (Ø 0.3 mm, Ø 0.4 mm, and Ø 0.5 mm) are changed. Items in the legend represent needle diameters. The needle insertion distance was prescribed to be 150 mm.
