Table 2. Clinical characteristics, admission labs, and interventions rendered for hospitalized children with 2009 H1N1 influenza infection.
| TOTAL | FLOOR | PICU | p value* | |
| N = 307 | N = 227 | N = 80 | ||
| CLINICAL SYMPTOMS | Number (%) | Number (%) | Number (%) | |
| Day of illness admitted [median (IQR)] | 3 (1–5) | 3 (2–5) | 3 (1–5) | 0.46** |
| Day of fever admitted [median (IQR)] | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–4) | 1 (0–3) | 0.2** |
| Fever | 261 (85) | 195 (86) | 66 (83) | 0.46 |
| Duration [median (IQR)] | 3 (2–6) | 3 (2–6) | 4 (2–6) | 0.14** |
| Vomiting | 107 (35) | 78 (34) | 29 (36) | 0.79 |
| Diarrhea | 37 (12) | 28 (12) | 9 (11) | 0.85 |
| Shortness of breath/Increased work of breathing | 172 (56) | 120 (53) | 52 (65) | 0.07 |
| Cough | 254 (83) | 194 (85) | 60 (75) | 0.02 |
| Seizures | 19 (6) | 7 (3) | 12 (15) | <0.001 |
| Mental status changes | 21 (7) | 5 (2) | 16 (20) | <0.001 |
| PHYSICAL EXAM FINDINGS | ||||
| Crackles | 78 (25) | 58 (26) | 20 (25) | 1 |
| Wheezing | 74 (24) | 53 (23) | 21 (26) | 0.65 |
| Hypoxia | 193 (63) | 132 (58) | 61 (76) | 0.007 |
| Duration [median (IQR)] | 3 (2–5) | 2 (1–3) | 6 (3–14) | <0.001 ** |
| Tachypnea | 164 (53) | 115 (51) | 49 (61) | 0.15 |
| Decreased breath sounds | 105 (34) | 67 (30) | 38 (48) | 0.006 |
| ADMISSION LABS | ||||
| WBC ≤4 (103/uL) | 37/177 (21) | 28/107 (26) | 9/70 (13) | 0.04 |
| WBC ≥12 (103/uL) | 31/177 (18) | 16/107 (15) | 15/70 (21) | 0.31 |
| platelet ≤150 (103/uL) | 43/175 (25) | 23/107 (21) | 20/70 (29) | 0.37 |
| platelet ≥500 (103/uL) | 4/175 (2) | 2/105 (2) | 2/70 (3) | 1 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 8/135 (6) | 2/70 (3) | 6/65 (9) | 0.15 |
| AST ≥180 (U/L) | 8/71 (11) | 3/37 (8) | 5/34 (15) | 0.47 |
| ALT ≥120 (U/L) | 8/72 (11) | 2/37 (5) | 6/35 (17) | 0.15 |
| elevated LFTs (AST or ALT ≥3× normal) | 9/72 (13) | 3/37 (8) | 6/35 (17) | 0.3 |
| bilirubin ≥0.9 (mg/dL) | 4/38 (6) | 3/35 (9) | 1/33 (3) | 0.61 |
| albumin <3.1 (g/dL) | 21/74 (28) | 6/37 (16) | 15/37 (41) | 0.04 |
| CRP ≥1 (mg/dL) | 52/76 (68) | 24/42 (57) | 28/34 (82) | 0.03 |
| CRP >10 (mg/dL) | 17/76 (22) | 7/42 (17) | 10/34 (29) | 0.27 |
| median CRP (IQR) (mg/dL) | 2.2 | 1.3 | 4.1 | 0.004 |
| acidotic (blood pH <7.35) | 51/78 (65) | 4/15 (27) | 47/63 (75) | 0.002 |
| MEDICATIONS | ||||
| Oseltamivir | 269 (88) | 195 (86) | 74 (93) | 0.11 |
| 10 day course or longer | 29 (9) | 3 (1) | 26 (33) | <0.001 |
| Time from start of fever to oseltamivir [median (IQR)] | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 1 (0–3) | 0.11** |
| Time from admission to oseltamivir [median (IQR)] | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0 (0–1) | 0.37** |
| Antibioitics | 201 (65) | 136 (60) | 65 (81) | <0.001 |
| Steroids | 110 (36) | 74 (33) | 36 (45) | 0.06 |
| Bronchodilators | 136 (44) | 95 (42) | 41 (51) | 0.15 |
| Length of stay [median (IQR)] | 3 (2–6) | 2 (2–4) | 6 (3–17) | <0.001 ** |
*Fisher's exact test.
**Wilcoxon sum rank test.