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Localization and transport of zinc in a mammalian cell. Cellular localization and function of ZIP and ZNT zinc transporter family members. Arrows indicate the direction of zinc mobilization. ZIP1, 2 and 4 are induced in zinc deficient conditions, while ZNT-1 and 2 members are induced by zinc administration. In general zinc efflux is associated with enhanced susceptibility to apoptosis and higher levels with protection/autophagy.
