Alcohol does not affect the early stage of the ONP cell differentiation. ONP cells were sorted and cultured with SCF, FL, IL-3 and 100 mM of alcohol for the first 3 days. Cells were analyzed after 3 days and showed two cell populations: B220−CD11b− and B220−CD11b+ cells (A). There is no statistically significant difference between early alcohol-treated and normal control groups (P > 0.05, A and Fig. 3A). These B220−CD11b− cells also lost their surface expression of c-Kit (F). After 3 days of culture, B220−CD11b− cells were also sorted and ‘split’ into two wells, cells were all co-cultured with the support of OP9 stromal cells. Cells in one well without the exposure of alcohol were differentiated into B220+ cells (B) with strong CD19 expression (C) and reached no statistically significant difference (B, C versus Fig. 3B and 3C P > 0.05). Cells in the other well with the addition of 100 mM of alcohol yielded no B cells (D and E).