Table 5.
Asthma and traffic at workplace address and during daily activities
| The 2nd survey | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WORKPLACE ADDRESS | n | Asthma n (%) | Asthma (OR)1 | Asthma Symptoms. n (%) | Asthma Symptoms (OR)1 | |
| Self-reported Heaviest road <50 m | 0-1 cars/min | 601 | 144 (24.0) | 1.0 | 80 (13.4) | 1.0 |
| 2-5 cars/min | 571 | 132 (23.1) | 1.1 (0.80-1.5) | 79 (14.0) | 0.95 (0.66-1.4) | |
| 6-10 cars/min | 351 | 75 (21.4) | 1.2 (0.79-1.7) | 49 (14.0) | 1.2 (0.76-1.8) | |
| > 10 cars/min | 606 | 147 (24.3) | 1.2 (0.73-1.9) | 96 (15.9) | 0.79 (0.42-1.5) | |
| Workplace varies | 214 | 50 (23.4) | 1.5 (0.93-2.7) | 34 (16.0) | 1.2 (0.72-2.1) | |
| GIS Heaviest road <50 m | no heavy road | 161 | 36 (22.4) | 1.0 | 21 (13.2) | 1.0 |
| < 2 cars/min | 267 | 61 (22.8) | 1.0 (0.62-1.7) | 34 (12.7) | 1.1 (0.55-2.1) | |
| 2-5 cars/min | 673 | 149 (22.1) | 0.91 (0.57-1.4) | 94 (14.0) | 1.2 (0.65-2.1) | |
| 6-10 cars/min | 407 | 83 (20.4) | 0.92 (0.56-1.5) | 45 (11.1) | 1.1 (0.58-2.0) | |
| > 10 cars/min | 326 | 78 (23.9) | 1.0 (0.62-1.7) | 51 (15.7) | 1.4 (0.72-2.6) | |
| GIS Heaviest road <100 m | no heavy road | 527 | 126 (23.9) | 1.0 | 74 (14.1) | 1.0 |
| < 2 cars/min | 327 | 76 (23.2) | 0.88 (0.61-1.3) | 41 (12.5) | 0.79 (0.49-1.3) | |
| 2-5 cars/min | 509 | 102 (20.0) | 0.85 (0.61-1.2) | 67 (13.2) | 0.97 (0.65-1.5) | |
| 6-10 cars/min | 277 | 58 (20.9) | 0.98 (0.66-1.5) | 35 (12.7) | 1.2 (0.74-1.9) | |
| > 10 cars/min | 194 | 45 (23.2) | 0.99 (0.63-1.5) | 28 (14.5) | 1.2 (0.72-2.1) | |
| GIS Heaviest road <250 m | no heavy road | 161 | 36 (22.4) | 1.0 | 21 (13.2) | 1.0 |
| < 2 cars/min | 267 | 61 (22.8) | 1.0 (0.62-1.8) | 34 (12.7) | 1.1 (0.55-2.1) | |
| 2-5 cars/min | 673 | 149 (22.1) | 0.91 (0.57-1.4) | 94 (14.0) | 1.2 (0.65-2.1) | |
| 6-10 cars/min | 407 | 83 (20.4) | 0.92 (0.56-1.5) | 45 (11.1) | 1.1 (0.58-2.0) | |
| > 10 cars/min | 326 | 78 (23.9) | 1.0 (0.62-1.7) | 51 (15.7) | 1.4 (0.72-2.6) | |
| GIS NOx (μg/m3) (250 × 250 m) | 0-8 | 558 | 129 (23.1) | 1.0 | 70 (12.6) | 1.0 |
| 8-11 | 163 | 34 (20.9) | 0.88 (0.55-1.4) | 23 (14.1) | 1.1 (0.65-2.0) | |
| 11-14 | 455 | 94 (20.7) | 0.91 (0.65-1.3) | 56 (12.4) | 0.99 (0.64-1.5) | |
| 14-19 | 227 | 48 (21.1) | 1.0 (0.68-1.5) | 27 (11.9) | 1.2 (0.71-2.0) | |
| > 19 | 431 | 102 (23.7) | 0.98 (0.70-1.4) | 69 (16.1) | 1.3 (0.88-2.0) | |
| DAILY ACTIVITIES | n | Asthma n (%) | Asthma (OR)1 | Asthma symptoms n (%) | Asthma Symptoms n (%) | |
| Time outdoor in traffic/day | 0-30 min | 622 | 134 (21.5) | 1.0 | 79 (12.8) | 1.0 |
| 30 min-1 h | 1066 | 248 (23.3) | 1.1 (0.8-1.4) | 159 (15.1) | 1.2 (0.83-1.7) | |
| 1-2 h | 715 | 194 (27.1) | 1.1 (0.8-1.5) | 121 (17.0) | 1.4 (0.91-2.0) | |
| > 2 h | 453 | 121 (26.7) | 1.0 (0.7-1.4) | 92 (20.4) | 1.3 (0.83-2.0) | |
| Commuting time to work | < 15 min | 881 | 211 (24.0) | 1.0 | 117 (13.4) | 1.0 |
| 15-30 min | 915 | 207 (22.6) | 0.90 (0.70-1.1) | 140 (15.4) | 1.1 (0.84-1.5) | |
| 30 min-1 h | 408 | 99 (24.3) | 1.0 (0.73-1.4) | 60 (14.8) | 1.2 (0.78-1.7) | |
| > 1 h | 129 | 29 (22.5) | 0.77 (0.45-1.33) | 18 (14.2) | 0.92 (0.47-1.8) | |
1Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, socio-economy, smoking, and occupational exposure. [OR(95%CI)]