Table 3.

Karyotype and temperature effects on thermal preference.

Source of variation	d.f.	Mean Square	F	P
Covariate (plate hour)	1	147.947	11.84	< 0.001
Karyotype (κ)	5	60.774	4.97	0.002
${\text{O}}_{\text{st}}/{\text{O}}_{3+4}^{*}$	1	0.853	0.07	0.793
${\text{O}}_{3+4}^{*}/{\text{O}}_{3+4}^{*}$	2	42.884	3.51	0.043
${\text{O}}_{\text{st}}/{\text{O}}_{\text{st}},{\text{ O}}_{\text{st}}/{\text{O}}_{3+4}^{*}$, ${\text{O}}_{3+4}^{*}/{\text{O}}_{3+4}^{*}$	2	106.330	8.70	0.001
additive effect	1	205.854	16.85	< 0.001
dominance effect	1	3.532	0.29	0.595
Cross ⊂ κ	30	12.220	0.98	0.502
Temperature (τ)	1	41.328	3.31	0.069
Sex (ς)	1	91.221	7.30	0.007
κ × τ	5	19.791	1.58	0.162
κ × ς	5	10.805	0.86	0.505
τ × ς	1	4.948	0.40	0.529
κ × τ × ς	5	8.863	0.71	0.617
Error	691	12.498

Flies raised from outbred crosses of Drosophila subobscura reared at 18°C and 22°C. Karyotypes being compared are O_st/O_st, O₃₊₄/O₃₊₄, O₃₊₄₊₈/O₃₊₄₊₈, O_st/O₃₊₄, O_st/O₃₊₄₊₈ and O₃₊₄/O₃₊₄₊₈. ${\text{O}}_{3+4}^{*}$ stands for O₃₊₄ + O₃₊₄₊₈. (⊂ means "nested in".)