FIGURE 3.

The P. boydii conidia-induced TNF release by macrophages requires functional MyD88, TLR4, and CD14. Peritoneal macrophages were obtained from WT, Myd88^−/− (A), Tlr2^−/−, Tlr4^−/− (B), and Cd14^−/− (C) mice and stimulated with heat-killed P. boydii conidia (5 conidia/cell). As controls, LPS and Pam₃Cys (both at 100 ng/ml) were included in the experimental settings. Polymyxin B (10 μg/ml) was added during stimulation of macrophages with conidia. Supernatants were collected and TNF was evaluated by ELISA. Results represent mean ± S.E. and are representative of two or three experiments. * p ≤ 0.05.