Table 1.
Clinicopathologic variables in primary pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours
| All | Low grade | Intermediate grade | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | ||||
| Median | 56 | 64 | 53 | 0.04 |
| Range | 19–85 | |||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 46% | 40% | 56% | 0.12 |
| Female | 54% | 60% | 44% | |
| Tumour sizea | ||||
| ≥4.2 cm | 46% | 42% | 53% | 0.09 |
| <4.2 cm | 54% | 58% | 47% | |
| Surgical margin | ||||
| Positive | 15% | 8% | 23% | 0.07 |
| Negative | 85% | 92% | 77% | |
| Vascular invasion | ||||
| Present | 46% | 31% | 68% | 0.001 |
| Absent | 54% | 69% | 32% | |
| Functional | ||||
| Yes | 14% | 17% | 8% | 0.25 |
| No | 86% | 83% | 92% | |
| Gradeb | ||||
| Intermediate | 43% | – | – | – |
| Low | 54% | |||
| Pancreatic resection | ||||
| Enucleation | 13% | 17% | 8% | 0.41 |
| Distal pancreatectomy | 54% | 50% | 61% | |
| Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 33% | 33% | 31% | |
| Lymph node sampling | ||||
| Yes | 70% | 71% | 72% | 0.84 |
| No | 30% | 29% | 28% | |
| Lymph node metastases | ||||
| Present | 27% | 20% | 39% | 0.13 |
| Absent | 73% | 80% | 61% | |
| Synchronous liver metastases | ||||
| Present | 16% | 6% | 29% | 0.01 |
| Absent | 84% | 94% | 71% | |
| CD3 | ||||
| High (1–3) | 68% | 75% | 64% | 0.19 |
| Low (0) | 32% | 25% | 36% | |
| CD4 | ||||
| High (1–3) | 65% | 64% | 69% | 0.76 |
| Low (0) | 35% | 36% | 31% | |
| CD8 | ||||
| High (0–1) | 45% | 49% | 44% | 0.54 |
| Low (2–3) | 55% | 51% | 56% | |
| FoxP3 | ||||
| High (1–3) | 34% | 33% | 36% | 0.25 |
| Low (0) | 66% | 67% | 64% |
a
Median tumour size was 4.2 cm
b
3% were high grade