Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the individual instructional set intervention groups
| Magnification | Helplessness | Rumination | Positive | Neutral | Total | p- value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex: | |||||||
| Male | 6 | 8 | 7 | 4 | 9 | 34 | |
| Female | 14 | 11 | 13 | 17 | 11 | 66 | 0.42 |
| Age: (years, SD) | 20.80 (1.70) | 21.53 (1.39) | 21.45 (1.88) | 21.10 (1.97) | 21.10 (1.74) | 21.19 (1.74) | 0.69 |
| Race: | |||||||
| Caucasian | 10 | 9 | 11 | 7 | 9 | 46 | |
| African | |||||||
| American | 3 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 10 | |
| Other | 7 | 8 | 9 | 12 | 8 | 44 | 0.93 |
| Education: (years, SD) | 15.20 (1.64) | 15.53 (1.71) | 14.85 (1.27) | 15.10 (1.61) | 15.15 (1.66) | 15.16 (1.57) | 0.77 |
| Prior CP Experience: | |||||||
| Yes | 2 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 7 | 26 | |
| No | 18 | 12 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 73 | 0.44 |
| PCS (SD) | 18.45 (10.16) | 15.32 (7.65) | 22.20 (8.92) | 18.71 (8.79) | 18.00 (9.70) | 18.57 (9.17) | 0.23 |
| FPQ (SD) | 46.00 (14.23) | 40.54 (19.00) | 53.85 (17.04) | 56.68 (19.14) | 51.67 (14.55) | 50.34 (17.28) | 0.06 |
Notes: Baseline characteristics of the group assignments for catastrophizing statements and a neutral statement. P was set at significant at <0.05.
Abbreviations: CP, cold pressor; FPQ, fear of pain questionnaire; PCS, pain catastrophizing scale; SD, standard deviation.