Table 4.
Outcome measures and follow up periods
| Author | Statistically significant outcomes following treatment | Statistically significant outcomes at follow up | Comparison group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pain or tenderness | Quality of life | Function | Pain or tenderness | Quality of life | Function | ||
| Altan et al | ✓* | ✓* | ✓* | ✓* | ✓* | ✓* | Balneotherapy (no exercise) |
| Assis | ✓* | ✓* | ✓* | NA | NA | NA | Land-based exercise |
| De Andrade et al (pool group) | ✓* | ✓* | x | NA | NA | NA | Sea water |
| De Andrade et al (sea group) | ✓* | ✓* | ✓ | NA | NA | NA | Pool water |
| Evcik et al | ✓* | ✓* | ✓* | ✓ | ✓* | ✓* | Home-based exercise |
| Gowans et al | NA | ✓ | ✓ | NA | ✓* | ✓* | No intervention |
| Gowans et al | x | ✓ | ✓ | NA | NA | NA | No intervention |
| Gowans et al (follow up to Gowans et al) | NA | NA | NA | x | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Gusi et al | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | x | x | x | No intervention |
| Jentoft et al | ✓* | ✓* | ✓* | x | x | x | Land-based exercise |
| Ide et al | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | NA | NA | NA | No intervention |
| Tomas-Carus et al | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | x | x | No intervention |
| Tomas-Carus et al | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | NA | NA | NA | No intervention |
Notes: ✓, statistically significant between-group findings; x, not statistically significant between group findings; NA, not applicable; NR, not reported;
*
pre–post measures only.