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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Nov 16.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Nov 16;56(21):1752–1759. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.05.050

Figure 1. Bisphosphonate-associated prevalence ratio of prevalent cardiovascular calcification stratified by age.

Figure 1

The prevalence ratio of cardiovascular calcification associated with NCBP use is increased in young patients, but decreases with age and becomes significantly reduced in the elderly. Models adjust for age, body mass index, ethnicity, study site, education, income, health insurance, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, physical activity, blood pressure, serum cholesterol levels, and statin, hormone replacement, and renin-angiotensin inhibitor therapy.