Table 2.
Age-adjusted mean heart rate variability and heart rate by categories of health behavior in the female CARLA study population
| Heart rate | SDNN | LF/HF | HF | LF | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk factor | N | Mean (95%CI) | Mean (95%CI) | Mean (95%CI) | Mean (95%CI) | Mean (95%CI) | ||||||
| Sports-index | Q1 | 226 | 71.4 | (70.1-72.7)† | 27.6 | (26.0-29.3) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.1) | 162.7 | (139.7-189.6) | 166.3 | (144.5-191.4) |
| Q2 | 193 | 73.3 | (71.9-74.8) | 28.1 | (26.3-30.0) | 1.1 | (1.0-1.3) | 154.3 | (130.7-182.1) | 174.9 | (150.2-203.6) | |
| Q3 | 143 | 71.1 | (69.5-72.8) | 28.1 | (26.1-30.3) | 1.0 | (0.8-1.1) | 175.1 | (144.5-212.3) | 172.0 | (144.1-205.2) | |
| Q4 | 212 | 70.2 | (68.8-71.6) | 28.4 | (26.7-30.3) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.1) | 179.3 | (153.1-210.0) | 178.8 | (154.6-206.7) | |
| Leisure time-index | Q1 | 232 | 72.2 | (70.9-73.5) | 28.5 | (26.8-30.2) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.2) | 170.2 | (146.2-198.1) | 183.3 | (159.5-210.7) |
| Q2 | 124 | 71.4 | (69.6-73.2) | 26.1 | (24.0-28.3) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.2) | 142.1 | (115.4-174.9) | 142.1 | (117.5-172.0) | |
| Q3 | 253 | 71.6 | (70.3-72.9) | 28.8 | (27.2-30.5) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.1) | 173.7 | (150.2-200.9) | 176.5 | (154.5-201.7) | |
| Q4 | 167 | 70.5 | (68.9-72.1) | 28.2 | (26.2-30.2) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.2) | 179.5 | (149.9-214.8) | 182.4 | (154.6-215.1) | |
| Total activity-index | Q1 | 215 | 71.8 | (70.4-73.1)† | 28.0 | (26.3-29.8) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.2) | 163.1 | (139.4-190.7) | 169.3 | (146.6-195.5) |
| Q2 | 140 | 74.0 | (72.3-75.7) | 27.5 | (25.5-29.7) | 1.1 | (1.0-1.3) | 148.7 | (122.4-180.5) | 171.2 | (143.2-204.7) | |
| Q3 | 194 | 70.7 | (69.2-72.1) | 27.3 | (25.6-29.1) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.1) | 162.5 | (137.8-191.6) | 165.8 | (142.5-193.0) | |
| Q4 | 224 | 70.4 | (69.1-71.8) | 29.1 | (27.4-30.9) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.1) | 189.4 | (162.5-220.9) | 183.9 | (159.7-211.9) | |
| No. of currently smoked tobacco products/day | none | 661 | 71.5 | (70.7-72.3) | 28.3 | (27.3-29.3) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.1) | 168.8 | (154.2-184.8) | 175.8 | (161.8-191.0) |
| T1 | 37 | 70.9 | (67.6-74.3) | 27.5 | (23.7-32.0) | 1.3 | (1.0-1.7) | 153.8 | (105.0-225.4) | 196.6 | (138.5-279.2) | |
| T2 | 46 | 71.3 | (68.3-74.4) | 27.5 | (24.0-31.5) | 0.8 | (0.6-1.1) | 185.2 | (131.2-261.4) | 153.5 | (111.9-210.7) | |
| T3 | 34 | 74.3 | (70.7-77.8) | 26.8 | (22.8-31.4) | 0.9 | (0.7-1.2) | 154.8 | (103.6-231.4) | 144.9 | (100.2-209.5) | |
| Packyears of smoking | none | 482 | 72.1 | (71.2-73.1) | 28.3 | (27.1-29.5) | 1.1 | (1.0-1.2) | 164.4 | (147.8-182.8) | 176.9 | (160.5-195.1) |
| T1 | 98 | 70.1 | (68.1-72.2) | 28.3 | (25.8-31.0) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.2) | 182.8 | (144.7-230.9) | 188.5 | (152.2-233.6) | |
| T2 | 100 | 70.7 | (68.7-72.8) | 28.0 | (25.5-30.7) | 1.0 | (0.8-1.1) | 173.2 | (137.1-218.9) | 168.5 | (135.9-208.8) | |
| T3 | 98 | 71.5 | (69.5-73.6) | 27.3 | (24.9-30.0) | 0.9 | (0.8-1.1) | 169.4 | (133.8-214.5) | 151.9 | (122.4-188.7) | |
| Alcohol (g/d) | none | 428 | 71.4 | (70.4-72.4) | 28.0 | (26.8-29.3) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.1) | 168.3 | (150.4-188.4) | 172.8 | (155.9-191.6) |
| T1 | 91 | 73.9 | (71.7-76.0) | 27.6 | (25.1-30.4) | 1.0 | (0.8-1.2) | 168.0 | (131.8-214.2) | 169.0 | (135.3-211.2) | |
| T2 | 145 | 70.7 | (69.0-72.4) | 28.0 | (25.9-30.2) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.2) | 166.8 | (137.5-202.3) | 173.0 | (144.9-206.5) | |
| T3 | 114 | 71.9 | (70.0-73.8) | 29.1 | (26.7-31.7) | 1.1 | (0.9-1.2) | 170.7 | (137.4-212.2) | 183.1 | (149.9-223.5) | |
| Dietary pattern index | Q1 | 215 | 71.4 | (70.0-72.8) | 30.0 | (28.2-32.0) | 1.1 | (1.0-1.3) | 188.2 | (160.7-220.4) | 210.9 | (182.5-243.7) |
| Q2 | 191 | 72.1 | (70.6-73.6) | 26.9 | (25.1-28.7) | 1.1 | (0.9-1.2) | 144.8 | (122.5-171.1) | 155.2 | (133.2-180.8) | |
| Q3 | 176 | 71.1 | (69.6-72.7) | 27.6 | (25.7-29.5) | 1.0 | (0.8-1.1) | 165.8 | (139.4-197.3) | 159.0 | (135.6-186.4) | |
| Q4 | 196 | 71.8 | (70.4-73.3) | 27.8 | (26.0-29.7) | 1.0 | (0.9-1.1) | 174.9 | (148.3-206.3) | 170.3 | (146.4-198.1) | |
Q1 = lowest quartile of health behavior, Q4 = highest quartile of health behavior; T1 = lowest tertile of health behavior (excluding non-consumer), T3 = highest tertile of health behavior (excluding non-consumer); † p < 0.01, ‡ p < 0.001 (F-test for difference between respective categories of health behavior)