Table 1.
Maternal demographics and delivery data
| Abdominal circumference >90th percentile |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| None | ≥1 | ||
| n | 1,399 | 518 | |
| Clinical parameter | |||
| History of GDM (%) | 14.9% | 20.7% | 0.006 |
| History of macrosomia (%) | 10.2% | 19.8% | <0.0001 |
| Parity | 1.9 ± 1.4 | 2,3 ± 1.6 | <0.0001 |
| Age (years) | 30.6 ± 5.6 | 31.8 ± 5.3 | <0.0001 |
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 27.0 ± 5.8 | 28.9 ± 6.6 | <0.0001 |
| BMI >30 kg/m2 (%) | 26.6 | 36.6 | <0.0001 |
| Delivery of newborn with birth weight >90th percentage (%) | 11.1 | 37.4 | <0.0001 |
| Measures of maternal glucose | |||
| Gestational age at diagnosis | 27.0 ± 5.3 | 26.7 ± 6.6 | 0.218 |
| OGTT fasting (mg/dl) | 92.1 ± 20,8 | 94.1 ± 24.0 | <0.0001 |
| 1 h | 194.4 ± 36.2 | 198.0 ± 34.7 | 0.66 |
| 2 h | 146.3 ± 40,4 | 150.6 ± 40.0 | 0.055 |
| Glucose on initiation of treatment for GDM: | |||
| Fasting of profile at entry (mg/dl) | 83.1 ± 14.4 | 87.1 ± 16.6 | <0.0001 |
| Postprandial of profile at entry (mg/dl) | 117.4 ± 20.7 | 119.4 ± 21.5 | 0.17 |
| Insulin use (%) | 18.9 | 22.1 | 0.7 |
| Delivery | |||
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 38.8 ± 1.8 | 38.3 ± 2.0 | 0.001 |
| Cesarean section (%) | 14.4 | 21.1 | 0.001 |
| Birth weight(g) | 3,309.8 ± 550.8 | 3,639.6 ± 559.4 | 0.001 |
| LGA (%) | 18.4 | 38.1 | <0.0001 |
| SGA (%) | 9.2 | 2.7 | <0.0001 |
Data are means ± SD or %. LGA, birthweight ≥90th percentile; small for gestational age (SGA), birthweight ≤10th percentile.