Table 3.
Age-standardized and -adjusted outcomes by ethnicity in diabetic women and men aged ≥35 years
| Outcome | Age standardized events/1,000 patient years |
Hazard ratio (95% CI),*P value |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese | South Asian | White | Chinese vs. white | South Asian vs. white | |
| Women | |||||
| n | 8,458 | 6,672 | 110,142 | ||
| Mortality | 18.6 | 20.7 | 30.9 | 0.69 (0.63–0.74) P < 0.001 | 0.69 (0.62–0.76) P < 0.001 |
| Stroke | 4.1 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 0.91 (0.76–1.08) P = 0.26 | 1.06 (0.88–1.29) P = 0.54 |
| AMI | 1.5 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 0.34 (0.26–0.46) P < 0.001 | 1.19 (0.99–1.44) P = 0.06 |
| Heart failure | 2.3 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 0.42 (0.34–0.54) P < 0.01 | 0.95 (0.79–1.15) P = 0.6 |
| Men | |||||
| n | 9,296 | 8,394 | 133,875 | ||
| Mortality | 17.8 | 20.5 | 32.6 | 0.61 (0.60–0.66) P < 0.001 | 0.68 (0.63–0.74) P < 0.001 |
| Stroke | 4.2 | 4.3 | 5.1 | 0.81 (0.69–0.96) P = 0.01 | 0.82 (0.68–0.99) P = 0.04 |
| AMI | 2.8 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 0.37 (0.31–0.45) P < 0.001 | 1.05 (0.92–1.19) P = 0.49 |
| Heart failure | 2.0 | 4.4 | 6.4 | 0.38 (0.30–0.48) P < 0.01 | 0.71 (0.56–0.92) P < 0.01 |
*Hazard ratios are adjusted for age, SES, province, and comorbid conditions including previous history of AMI, heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral arterial disease, renal impairment, cancer, dementia, chronic pulmonary disease, hypertension, connective tissue disease-rheumatic disease, peptic ulcer disease, mild liver disease, paraplegia and hemiplegia, moderate or severe liver disease, metastatic carcinoma, and AIDS/HIV.