Table 2.
Prevalence of organ system impairments among survivors, overall and by diagnosis, compared to a sibling group
| Siblings (N=319) | AML (N=281) | ALL (N=120) | AML & ALL (401) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | % | N | % | p-value* | N | % | p-value* | N | % | p-value* | |
| Eye impairments | 36 | (11.3) | 118 | (42.0) | <0.001 | 61 | (50.8) | <0.001 | 179 | (44.6) | <0.001 |
| Cataracts | 12 | (3.8) | 94 | (33.5) | <0.001 | 52 | (43.3) | <0.001 | 146 | (36.4) | <0.001 |
| Glaucoma | 6 | (1.9) | 5 | (1.8) | 0.99 | 2 | (1.7) | 0.79 | 7 | (1.7) | 0.94 |
| Dry eyes | 26 | (8.2) | 47 | (16.7) | <0.001 | 17 | (14.2) | <0.001 | 64 | (16.0) | <0.001 |
| Oral health impairments | 41 | (12.9) | 65 | (23.1) | 0.001 | 25 | (20.8) | 0.07 | 90 | (22.4) | 0.002 |
| Dry mouth | 3 | (0.9) | 31 | (11.0) | <0.001 | 12 | (10.0) | <0.001 | 43 | (10.7) | <0.001 |
| Swollen or bleeding gums | 35 | (11.0) | 27 | (9.6) | 0.59 | 15 | (12.5) | 0.81 | 42 | (10.5) | 0.63 |
| Problems chewing or swallowing | 4 | (1.3) | 25 | (8.9) | <0.001 | 6 | (5.0) | 0.11 | 31 | (7.7) | <0.001 |
| Endocrine impairments | 36 | (11.3) | 80 | (28.5) | <0.001 | 38 | (31.7) | <0.001 | 118 | (29.4) | <0.001 |
| Hypothyroid | 23 | (7.2) | 61 | (21.7) | <0.001 | 32 | (26.7) | <0.001 | 93 | (23.2) | <0.001 |
| Diabetes | 10 | (3.1) | 27 | (9.6) | <0.001 | 9 | (7.5) | 0.04 | 36 | (9.0) | <0.001 |
| Hyperthyroid | 5 | (1.6) | 7 | (2.5) | 0.47 | 0 | (0.0) | 0.95 | 7 | (1.7) | 0.79 |
| Thyroid nodules | 8 | (2.5) | 1 | (0.4) | 0.12 | 3 | (2.5) | 0.23 | 4 | (1.0) | 0.31 |
| Bone impairments | 8 | (2.5) | 41 | (14.6) | <0.001 | 12 | (10.0) | <0.001 | 53 | (13.2) | <0.001 |
| Osteoporosis | 7 | (2.2) | 25 | (8.9) | <0.001 | 11 | (9.2) | <0.001 | 36 | (9.0) | <0.001 |
| Avascular necrosis | 1 | (0.3) | 20 | (7.1) | 0.001 | 3 | (2.5) | 0.02 | 23 | (5.7) | 0.002 |
| Cardiopulmonary impairments | 83 | (26.0) | 82 | (29.2) | 0.1 | 36 | (30.0) | 0.08 | 118 | (29.4) | 0.1 |
| Arrhythmia | 17 | (5.3) | 13 | (4.6) | 0.81 | 5 | (4.2) | 0.73 | 18 | (4.5) | 0.86 |
| Congestive heart failure | 1 | (0.3) | 7 | (2.5) | 0.06 | 1 | (0.8) | 0.41 | 8 | (2.0) | 0.09 |
| Myocardial infarction | 5 | (1.6) | 4 | (1.4) | 0.88 | 0 | (0.0) | 0.96 | 4 | (1.0) | 0.87 |
| Coronary heart disease | 5 | (1.6) | 3 | (1.1) | 0.76 | 0 | (0.0) | 0.95 | 3 | (0.7) | 0.56 |
| Hypertension | 61 | (19.1) | 52 | (18.5) | 0.69 | 17 | (14.2) | 0.88 | 69 | (17.2) | 0.91 |
| Stroke | 1 | (0.3) | 4 | (1.4) | 0.16 | 4 | (3.3) | 0.03 | 8 | (2.0) | 0.1 |
| Angina | 3 | (0.9) | 2 | (0.7) | 0.98 | 0 | (0.0) | 0.96 | 2 | (0.5) | 0.82 |
| Exercise induced shortness of breath | 8 | (2.5) | 17 | (6.0) | 0.02 | 16 | (13.3) | <0.001 | 33 | (8.2) | 0.004 |
| Pericarditis | 0 | (0.0) | 10 | (3.6) | 0.94 | 1 | (0.8) | 0.96 | 11 | (2.7) | 0.94 |
| Stiff or leaking heart valves | 7 | (2.2) | 4 | (1.4) | 0.75 | 2 | (1.7) | 0.45 | 6 | (1.5) | 0.84 |
| Blood clot in extremities | 4 | (1.3) | 12 | (4.3) | 0.04 | 3 | (2.5) | 0.65 | 15 | (3.7) | 0.08 |
| Lung fibrosis | 0 | (0.0) | 0 | (0.0) | NE | 0 | (0.0) | NE | 0 | (0.0) | NE |
| Gastrointestinal impairments | 29 | (9.1) | 45 | (16.0) | 0.004 | 19 | (15.8) | 0.001 | 64 | (16.0) | 0.002 |
| Gall stones | 16 | (5.0) | 23 | (8.2) | 0.04 | 8 | (6.7) | 0.01 | 31 | (7.7) | 0.03 |
| Cirrhosis of liver | 0 | (0.0) | 1 | (0.4) | 0.95 | 2 | (1.7) | 0.94 | 3 | (0.7) | 0.95 |
| Hepatitis | 6 | (1.9) | 15 | (5.3) | 0.03 | 10 | (8.3) | 0.004 | 25 | (6.2) | 0.009 |
| Esophagus stricture or scarring | 11 | (3.4) | 9 | (3.2) | 0.94 | 2 | (1.7) | 0.76 | 11 | (2.7) | 0.74 |
| Neurosensory impairments | 65 | (20.4) | 84 | (29.9) | <0.001 | 28 | (23.3) | 0.01 | 112 | (27.9) | <0.001 |
| Blind | 5 | (1.6) | 8 | (2.8) | 0.2 | 3 | (2.5) | 0.07 | 11 | (2.7) | 0.15 |
| Tinnitus or ringing in ears | 24 | (7.5) | 17 | (6.0) | 0.99 | 5 | (4.2) | 0.69 | 22 | (5.5) | 0.99 |
| Complete or partial deafness | 8 | (2.5) | 10 | (3.6) | 0.37 | 0 | (0.0) | 0.96 | 10 | (2.5) | 0.71 |
| Dizziness or vertigo | 10 | (3.1) | 7 | (2.5) | 0.87 | 6 | (5.0) | 0.02 | 13 | (3.2) | 0.37 |
| Abnormal sense of taste or smell | 2 | (0.6) | 33 | (11.7) | <0.001 | 7 | (5.8) | 0.02 | 40 | (10.0) | <0.001 |
| Abnormal sense of touch | 31 | (9.7) | 48 | (17.1) | 0.004 | 14 | (11.7) | 0.07 | 62 | (15.5) | 0.004 |
| Neuromotor impairments | 20 | (6.3) | 45 | (16.0) | <0.001 | 11 | (9.2) | 0.03 | 56 | (14.0) | <0.001 |
| Paralysis | 3 | (0.9) | 5 | (1.8) | 0.28 | 1 | (0.8) | 0.8 | 6 | (1.5) | 0.34 |
| Balance, tremor or weakness | 17 | (5.3) | 44 | (15.7) | <0.001 | 10 | (8.3) | 0.03 | 54 | (13.5) | <0.001 |
| Neurological impairments | 78 | (24.5) | 43 | (15.3) | 0.02 | 24 | (20.0) | 0.65 | 67 | (16.7) | 0.06 |
| Seizures or epilepsy | 8 | (2.5) | 9 | (3.2) | 0.68 | 6 | (5.0) | 0.18 | 15 | (3.7) | 0.36 |
| Headaches or migraines | 73 | (22.9) | 37 | (13.2) | 0.012 | 21 | (17.5) | 0.88 | 58 | (14.5) | 0.03 |
| Recurrence or second cancer | 5 | (1.6) | 17 | (6.0) | 0.004 | 13 | (10.8) | <0.001 | 30 | (7.5) | <0.001 |
*
p-values are generated from generalized estimating equations adjusted for age and gender and including variance component for intra-family correlation. Fisher's exact test used for cell sizes smaller than 5. Each p-value represents a comparison between the HCT survivor group represented at the top of the column and the sibling comparison group. NE=not estimated