Table 2.
a) Questioned | b) Advised or helped | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary habits | Physical exercise | Smoking or snuff use | Alcohol use | Dietary habits | Physical exercise | Smoking or snuff use | Alcohol use | |
Total | ||||||||
27.1 | 33.4 | 32.3 | 23.0 | 14.3 | 16.2 | 8.8 | 2.7 | |
Gender: | ||||||||
Men | 30.7*** | 38.2*** | 33.2 | 28.1*** | 18.2*** | 18.9** | 8.3 | 4.8*** |
Women | 24.7*** | 30.2*** | 31.8 | 19.4*** | 11.6*** | 14.3** | 9.1 | 1.3*** |
Age group: | ||||||||
18-24 | 20.1* | 20.7*** | 32.0 | 18.0 | 11.7 | 10.6* | 10.6 | 2.2 |
25-34 | 28.8 | 32.7 | 37.8*** | 27.2*** | 10.4** | 11.7* | 6.8 | 2.2 |
35-44 | 25.2 | 33.8 | 29.3 | 22.7 | 12.8 | 16.6 | 7.0 | 2.6 |
45-54 | 29.7 | 39.4*** | 35.1* | 25.2* | 15.5 | 22.2*** | 10.3 | 2.4 |
55-64 | 29.9* | 37.3** | 31.6 | 22.4 | 18.8** | 19.5** | 11.7** | 3.8 |
65-70 | 23.2 | 25.6 | 18.0*** | 12.4** | 19.6* | 12.6 | 6.0 | 3.6 |
Social class: | ||||||||
blue-collar | 26.2 | 31.3 | 34.2 | 23.0 | 18.6** | 21.4*** | 15.8*** | 5.1*** |
lower white collar | 25.5 | 32.7 | 31.5 | 21.2 | 12.4 | 13.4 | 9.0 | 2.0 |
middle white collar | 27.0 | 32.8 | 32.2 | 22.3 | 13.2 | 16.2 | 7.8 | 1.7 |
higher white collar | 29.9 | 38.7*** | 33.0 | 26.2* | 12.7 | 13.4 | 4.8*** | 1.6 |
missing values | 26.1 | 29.2 | 29.3 | 20.5 | 14.9 | 16.2 | 6.3 | 3.9 |
Sick-leave: | ||||||||
None | 24.4** | 30.3*** | 27.1*** | 20.0** | 12.6*** | 13.0*** | 5.8*** | 2.2 |
1-7 days | 24.3** | 28.7*** | 30.1** | 20.9** | 10.4*** | 10.9*** | 7.2** | 2.0* |
8-30 days | 28.3 | 36.5 | 40.8* | 23.9 | 15.3 | 20.9 | 14.2* | 2.2 |
31-90 days | 42.9*** | 48.3** | 49.6*** | 35.1** | 31.6*** | 33.6*** | 15.7 | 4.8 |
90+ days | 45.3*** | 61.5*** | 45.5** | 40.8*** | 28.6*** | 37.3*** | 15.8* | 8.4*** |
missing value | 19.1* | 20.7*** | 23.5** | 16.2* | 15.8 | 16.7 | 10.3 | 3.8 |
Physical health: | ||||||||
very good | 21.8*** | 26.2*** | 29.3* | 22.3* | 8.4*** | 7.8*** | 5.2*** | 2.0* |
good | 26.4*** | 32.9** | 31.1 | 21.1** | 13.5 | 15.1** | 8.3* | 2.3 |
neither good or bad | 35.4 | 44.9 | 38.2 | 26.4 | 23.3* | 30.2** | 13.7 | 2.9 |
bad or very bad | 38.4 | 46.5 | 42.8 | 30.2 | 30.4*** | 35.2*** | 19.7** | 8.5*** |
missing value | 56.2* | 64.3* | 40.0 | 46.2 | 15.4 | 30.8 | 16.7 | 01 |
Mental health: | ||||||||
very good | 24.5*** | 29.4*** | 30.9 | 21.7* | 12.3 | 12.9 | 6.9 | 1.6 |
good | 25.1*** | 33.3** | 31.8 | 21.2** | 13.2 | 15.3 | 9.0 | 2.3 |
neither good or bad | 36.5 | 38.1 | 35.3 | 26.3 | 19.3 | 22.1 | 11.3 | 5.2 |
bad or very bad | 39.8* | 49.7** | 40.5 | 35.2* | 25.2 | 31.2 | 13.8 | 7.8 |
missing values | 35.9 | 48.6 | 34.4 | 30.3 | 22.2 | 28.6 | 20.0 | 9.4 |
Smoking: | ||||||||
never | 26.5 | 32.7 | 26.8*** | 22.0 | 12.2* | 13.3** | 0.7*** | 1.4* |
presently | 28.6 | 33.2 | 47.1*** | 24.4 | 17.5 | 18.2 | 32.5*** | 5.7* |
earlier | 26.8 | 34.4 | 30.6 | 23.5 | 15.2 | 18.8 | 4.5 | 2.8 |
missing values | 37.1 | 37.1 | 34.4 | 20.7 | 20.6 | 23.5 | 13.3 | 3.4 |
Alcohol: | ||||||||
don't drink | 27.0 | 30.8 | 31.0 | 23.4 | 17.8 | 21.6 | 7.8* | 1.8* |
non-hazardous use | 26.7 | 33.8 | 31.3 | 21.8 | 13.7* | 15.4* | 7.8*** | 1.0*** |
hazardous use | 29.0 | 31.4 | 38.5 | 26.5 | 15.2 | 16.3 | 14.0 | 7.3 |
dependent on alcohol | 35.6 | 36.2 | 41.9 | 45.3*** | 22.0 | 24.1 | 22.0** | 39.1*** |
missing values | 15.4 | 45.4 | 27.3 | 10.0 | 02 | 27.3 | 02 | 02 |
Internal missing n | 115 | 150 | 166 | 203 | 118 | 169 | 216 | 255 |
Bivariate associations (n = 2786).
* p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 *** p < 0.001 The significance level is given for each category contrasted against the average of the variable's all categories using Wald chi-square tests in logistic regression models. 1 In estimation of significance levels for this model the category for "missing values" was collapsed with the category "very good". If this category is excluded instead the significance levels remain similar for the other categories. 2 Category was collapsed with non-hazardous use in estimations. If this category is excluded significance levels remain similar.