Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of patients in sinus rhythm at enrollment by the development of AF during the follow-up.
| All (n=487) | Sinus rhythm (n=459, 94.3%) | Atrial fibrillation (n=28, 5.7%) | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 46 ±13 | 46±13 | 48±15 | .423 |
| Male sex (%) | 72 | 71 | 82 | .205 |
| Weight (kg) | 75±14 | 75±14 | 82±16 | .019 |
| Height (cm) | 171±9 | 171±9 | 175±7 | .024 |
| BSA (cm2) | 1.87±0.2 | 1.86±0.20 | 1.96±0.19 | .011 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 26 ± 4 | 25.6±3.9 | 26.7±4.7 | .164 |
| Heart Failure duration (months) | 12±24 | 12±24 | 14±27 | .609 |
| Charlson score | 0.4±0.8 | 0.37±0.76 | 0.5±0.84 | .377 |
| History of diabetes (years) | 9 | 9 | 7 | .729 |
| History of mild hypertension (%) | 23 | 24 | 15 | .299 |
| Heart Rate (bpm) | 78±15 | 77±15 | 82±13 | .109 |
| NYHA III–IV (%) | 24 | 23 | 43 | .018 |
| LBBB (%) | 35 | 35 | 39 | .635 |
| Indexed LA diameter (mm/m2) | 21±4 | 21±4 | 22±5 | .138 |
| Indexed LA area (cm2/m2) | 14±4 | 13±4 | 16±5 | .002 |
| LVEF (%) | 30±9 | 30±9 | 26±11 | .029 |
| LVESDI (mm/m2) | 31±6 | 31±6 | 33±6 | .115 |
| LVEDDI (mm/m2) | 37±5 | 37±5 | 37±5 | .658 |
| LVESVI (ml/m2) | 77±35 | 76±35 | 87±46 | .143 |
| LVEDVI (ml/m2) | 107±39 | 107±38 | 113±50 | .400 |
| MR (grade II–IV) (%) | 39 | 38 | 64 | .010 |
| Restrictive LV filling pattern (%) | 28 | 26 | 57 | .002 |
*P-value: difference between patients in atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm.
BMI=Body Mass Index; BSA=Body Surface Area; LA=Left Atrium; LBBB=Left Bundle Branch Block; LV=Left Ventricular; LVEF=Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction; LVEDDI=Indexed Left Ventricular End Diastolic Diameter; LVESDI=Indexed Left Ventricular End Systolic Diameter; LVEDVI=Indexed Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume; LVESVI=Indexed Left Ventricular End Systolic Volume; MR=Mitral Regurgitation; NYHA=New York Heart Association Class.