Figure 9. Effect of Atg5 gene knockout in MEFs on chemical inducer–mediated autophagic activation and suppression of IFN-β activation.

WT (A) and Atg5^–/– (B) MEFs were examined for the effects of HBSS and rapamycin on HCV 3′-UTR PAMP RNA–mediated IFNB promoter (upper right panels). Another parallel set of cells without DNA and RNA transfections was quantified for LC3B-labeled puncta structures (upper left and bottom panels, scale bars: 10 μm). Data represent mean ± SEM (n = 3).