Table 2.
Summary of the characteristics of included studies and data points (i.e., correlation coefficients)
| All 24 studies included in review | The 15 studies included in meta- analysis1 | Data points from the 15 studies included in meta-analysis2 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | % | n | % | Energy | Fat | Fat (% energy) | |||||
| n | % | n | % | n | % | ||||||
| Total | 24 | 100 | 15 | 100 | 45 | 100 | 45 | 100 | 27 | 100 | |
| Populations | USA | 13 | 54.2 | 8 | 53.3 | 27 | 60.0 | 36 | 80.0 | 10 | 37.0 |
| European countries | 8 | 33.3 | 5 | 33.3 | 13 | 28.9 | 8 | 17.8 | 13 | 48.1 | |
| Other countries | 3 | 12.5 | 2 | 13.3 | 5 | 11.1 | 1 | 2.2 | 4 | 14.8 | |
| Publication Year | 1980s | 3 | 12.5 | 3 | 20.0 | 12 | 26.7 | 19 | 42.2 | 1 | 3.7 |
| 1990s | 7 | 29.2 | 7 | 46.7 | 20 | 44.4 | 15 | 33.4 | 13 | 48.1 | |
| 2000s | 14 | 45.8 | 5 | 33.3 | 13 | 28.9 | 11 | 24.4 | 13 | 48.2 | |
| Dietary assessment method | 24 hr recalls or records | 12 | 50.0 | 7 | 46.7 | 25 | 55.6 | 17 | 37.8 | 15 | 55.6 |
| FFQ | 9 | 37.5 | 6 | 40.0 | 12 | 26.7 | 8 | 17.8 | 12 | 44.4 | |
| Mixed | 2 | 8.3 | 1 | 6.7 | 8 | 17.8 | 18 | 40.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Other | 1 | 4.2 | 1 | 6.7 | 0 | 0.00 | 2 | 4.4 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| Children’s intake self-reported | Yes | 15 | 65.2 | 10 | 66.7 | 24 | 53.3 | 29 | 64.4 | 13 | 48.1 |
| No | 8 | 34.8 | 5 | 33.3 | 21 | 46.7 | 16 | 35.6 | 14 | 51.8 | |
| Parent-child pair (exclusive)3 | parent-child | __ | __ | __ | __ | 7 | 15.6 | 2 | 4.4 | 4 | 14.8 |
| parent-son | __ | __ | __ | __ | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| parent-daughter | __ | __ | __ | __ | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 0.0 | |
| father-son | __ | __ | __ | __ | 4 | 9.0 | 2 | 4.4 | 4 | 14.8 | |
| father-daughter | __ | __ | __ | __ | 4 | 9.0 | 2 | 4.4 | 4 | 14.8 | |
| father-child | __ | __ | __ | __ | 8 | 17.8 | 12 | 26.7 | 1 | 3.7 | |
| mother-son | __ | __ | __ | __ | 5 | 11.1 | 4 | 8.9 | 5 | 18.5 | |
| mother-daughter | __ | __ | __ | __ | 7 | 15.6 | 6 | 13.3 | 7 | 26.0 | |
| mother-child | __ | __ | __ | __ | 10 | 22.2 | 17 | 37.8 | 2 | 7.4 | |
| Parent-child pair (non-exclusive)4 | parent-child | __ | __ | __ | __ | 45 | 100.0 | 45 | 100.00 | 27 | 100.0 |
| parent-son | __ | __ | __ | __ | 9 | 20.0 | 6 | 13.3 | 9 | 33.3 | |
| parent-daughter | __ | __ | __ | __ | 11 | 24.4 | 8 | 17.8 | 11 | 40.7 | |
| father-son | __ | __ | __ | __ | 4 | 8.9 | 2 | 4.4 | 4 | 14.8 | |
| father-daughter | __ | __ | __ | __ | 4 | 8.9 | 2 | 4.4 | 4 | 14.8 | |
| father-child | __ | __ | __ | __ | 16 | 35.6 | 16 | 35.6 | 9 | 33.3 | |
| mother-son | __ | __ | __ | __ | 5 | 11.1 | 4 | 8.9 | 5 | 18.5 | |
| mother-daughter | __ | __ | __ | __ | 7 | 15.6 | 6 | 13.3 | 7 | 25.9 | |
| mother-child | __ | __ | __ | __ | 22 | 48.9 | 27 | 60.0 | 14 | 51.8 | |
Studies which were included in the meta-regression analysis for parent-child correlations in energy, fat and fat (%energy).
The characteristics of data points differed significantly by nutrient type based on the χ2 test of independence (p<0.05) for most characteristics except self-report by children. Based on one-way ANOVA, quality score did not differ significantly between nutrient measures.
Exclusive categories (e.g., father-child pairs did not include father-son or father-daughter) of parent-child pairs based on actual data points as presented in studies.
Non-exclusive categories: pooled categories based on the exclusive ones grouping data points according to broader categories, e.g. parent-child includes all exclusive parent-child pairs.