Table 2.
Comparison of clinical variables and VMAT2 BPND activity in PD subjects with and without rhinorrhea
| Rhinorrhea + (n=23) | Rhinorrhea − (n=11) | t-statistic | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 68.8 ± 7.9 | 67.3 ± 9.2 | −0.51 | 0.61 |
| Disease duration (y) | 6.2 ± 3.1 | 6.3 ± 3.2 | 0.15 | 0.89 |
| No. (%) on medications with potential to cause rhinorrhea | 15 (65) | 5 (45) | χ2=1.20 | 0.27 |
| MMSE | 28.7 ± 1.5 | 29.5 ± 0.7 | 2.11 | 0.04 |
| UPSIT score | 17.5 ± 9.0 | 14.4 ± 6.3 | −0.98 | 0.33 |
| UPDRS motor | 28.0 ± 8.0 | 26.6 ± 6.0 | −0.53 | 0.60 |
| No. (%) with lightheadedness | 12 (52) | 1 (9) | χ2=5.85 | 0.02 |
| No. (%) who have passed out | 5 (22) | 0 (0) | χ2=2.80 | 0.09 |
| SBP sitting (mm Hg) | 120.0 ± 15.3 | 128.9 ± 11.5 | 1.70 | 0.09 |
| DBP sitting (mm Hg) | 74.7 ± 6.1 | 77.5 ± 9.6 | 1.04 | 0.31 |
| Change in SBP with standing (mm Hg) | −2.9 ± 7.1 | −4.3 ± 6.1 | −0.56 | 0.58 |
| Change in DBP with standing (mm Hg) | 1.9 ± 3.9 | 0.5 ± 6.1 | −0.80 | 0.43 |
| No. (%) with bladder problems | 15 (65) | 7 (64) | χ2=0.008 | 0.93 |
| No. (%) with constipation | 12 (52) | 3 (27) | χ2=1.88 | 0.17 |
| No. (%) with dusky hands | 2 (9) | 0 (0) | χ2=1.0 | 0.31 |
| No. (%) with impotence | 15 (65) | 5 (45) | χ2=1.20 | 0.27 |
| VMAT2 BPND activity | ||||
| Caudate | 1.02 ± 0.43 | 1.02 ± 0.41 | 0.02 | 0.99 |
| Anterior putamen | 0.93 ± 0.41 | 0.82 ± 0.38 | −0.71 | 0.48 |
| Posterior putamen | 0.66 ± 0.37 | 0.59 ± 0.28 | −0.51 | 0.61 |
| Total striatum | 0.92 ± 0.31 | 0.90 ± 0.34 | −0.19 | 0.85 |
SBP=systolic blood pressure; DBP=diastolic blood pressure