Table 2.
Pharmacodynamic parameters for HO-1 mRNA and protein levels after a single treatment with different doses of HA
| Treatment dose | Number of subjects | Cmax | tmax[h] | ΔAUC48* | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S/S | L/L | S/S | L/L | S/S | L/L | S/S | L/L | ||
| HO-1 mRNA | Placebo | 5 | 6 | – | – | – | – | −2.0 ± 14.9 | −6.5 ± 7.8 |
| 0.3 mg kg−1 | 5 | 5 | 3.3 ± 0.58 | 4.1 ± 0.50 | 8.3 ± 8.5 | 4.4 ± 0.9 | 0.35 ± 13.8 | 11.4 ± 3.5 | |
| 1.0 mg kg−1 | 4 | 6 | 3.6 ± 0.82 | 4.7 ± 1.00 | 4.3 ± 1.2 | 11.0 ± 9.7 | 14.9 ± 12.6 | 24.9 ± 13.0 | |
| 3.0 mg kg−1 | 4 | 6 | 4.2 ± 1.2 | 5.1 ± 1.2 | 19.4 ± 9.0 | 20.7 ± 8.2 | 17.8 ± 11.9 | 47.6 ± 15.6 | |
| HO-1 protein | Placebo | 5 | 6 | – | – | – | – | −2.1 ± 8.4 | −0.44 ± 5.4 |
| 0.3 mg kg−1 | 5 | 5 | 0.24 ± 0.095 | 0.19 ± 0.10 | 16.2 ± 19.8 | 15.6 ± 11.2 | 1.7 ± 4.1 | 3.2 ± 3.8 | |
| 1.0 mg kg−1 | 5 | 6 | 0.39 ± 0.097 | 0.25 ± 0.074 | 11.6 ± 11.5 | 29.4 ± 21.4 | 1.6 ± 7.9 | 5.3 ± 3.0 | |
| 3.0 mg kg−1 | 4 | 5 | 0.48 ± 0.17 | 0.31 ± 0.15 | 35.7 ± 13.5 | 20.2 ± 18.9 | 8.4 ± 10.5 | 8.2 ± 5.4 | |
Data are presented as means ± SD, and statistical differences are reported in the text; Cmax: maximal concentration (mRNA [ΔCT]; protein [(HO-1/β-actin]); tmax time to maximal concentration; ΔAUC48: area under the concentration versus time curve over 48 h as change from the individual baseline level
*
mRNA [ΔCT × h], protein [(HO-1/β-actin) × h].