Figure 1.

Effects of TORIN1 upon the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB)-Ser⁴⁷³ and by n-myc downstream regulated gene 1-encoded protein 1 Thr^346/356/366 (NDRG1-Thr^346/356/366) in unstimulated (Unstim.) and insulin-stimulated (Ins.) cells. The blots in each figure illustrate the effects of TORIN 1 (0–1 µM, 30 min pre-incubation) upon the expression of (A) Ser⁴⁷³-phosphorylated (upper panel) and total (lower panel) PKB, and (C) Thr^346/356/366-phosphorylated (upper panel) and total (lower panel) NDRG1, whilst the histograms include pooled data from six such experiments (mean ± SEM) which show the effects of insulin and/or TORIN1 upon the phosphorylation of PKB-Ser⁴⁷³ (B) and NDRG1-Thr ^346/356/366 (D). ***P < 0.01; significant responses to insulin; Student's paired t-test. †P < 0.05; ‡P < 0.02; significant effects of TORIN1; anova /Bonferroni post hoc test).