Table 1.

Clinical characteristics and measurements of children at birth and at the time of study in 4 groups.

	Prem-SGA N = 14	Prem-AGA N = 25	Term-SGA N = 7	Term-AGA N = 25	P value*
At Birth
Gender
Female (%)	7 (50%)	11 (44%)	2 (29%)	12 (48%)	.8
Gestational age (wk)
Median	31	30	39	40	<.001
IQR	28.8–31.0	27.5–31.0	38.0–40.0	38.5–41.0
Birth weight (g)
Median	980	1635	2750	3302	<.001
IQR	768–1038	991–1850	2430–2870	3105–3690
Birth weight z score
Median	−1.59	0.30	−1.58	−0.30	<.001
IQR	−2.20–1.49	−0.27–0.85	−2.35–1.41	−0.62–0.33
Time of Study
Age (yr)
Median	13.5	14.1	13.6	13.6	.06
IQR	12.48–13.97	13.66–15.03	12.35–14.83	12.54–14.78
Weight (kg)
Median	44.3	56.0	51.2	47.2	.06
IQR	31.63–52.13	45.50–60.15	40.00–56.50	41.60–53.25
Height (cm)
Median	153.9	164.8	156.9	156.6	.009
IQR	146.00–160.98	157.25–169.65	149.50–167.00	151.65–162.55
BMI (kg/m2)
Median	17.74	19.74	19.03	18.27	.4
IQR	15.33–21.06	17.98–21.27	17.45–21.80	17.38–20.42
BSA (m2)
Median	1.40	1.62	1.52	1.46	.03
IQR	1.15–1.49	1.43–1.72	1.29–1.59	1.36–1.54
SBP (mmHg)
Median	107	101	105	103	.6
IQR	90.0–114.5	95.0–107.5	95.0–110.0	103.0–105.0
DBP (mmHg)
Median	65	61	65	60	.7
IQR	58.0–70.5	60.0–70.0	55.0–66.0	60.0–65.0

Abbreviations: BSA: body surface area; BMI: body mass index; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; IQR: interquartile range; SBP: systolic blood pressure; Prem-AGA: preterm appropriate for gestational age; Prem-SGA: preterm small for gestational age; Term-AGA: term appropriate for gestational age; Term-SGA: term small for gestational age.

*For comparisons across 4 groups, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for continuous variables and the Pearson chi-square test for discrete variables.