TABLE 2.
Descriptive Statistics for Variables Used in Model of Violence and Emigration to the United States
| Variable | Mean | SD | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Violence indicator | ||||
| Interpolated homicide | 33.752 | 15.138 | 6.6 | 213.5 |
| Smoothed homicide | 33.761 | 13.221 | 8.4 | 160.8 |
| Political economy | ||||
| GDP relative to U.S. | 25.740 | 6.288 | 9.65 | 36.92 |
| Economic openness | 46.34 | — | 17.67 | 97.6 |
| U.S. Contra involvement | 32.338 | 57.095 | 0 | 225 |
| Demographic status | ||||
| Age | 34.101 | 15.866 | 0 | 99 |
| Minors in household | 1.714 | 1.981 | 0 | 15 |
| Assets owned | ||||
| Farmland | 0.119 | 0.323 | 0 | 1 |
| Real estate | 0.489 | 0.500 | 0 | 1 |
| Business | 0.135 | 0.341 | 0 | 1 |
| Human capital | ||||
| Schooling | 6.649 | 4.593 | 0 | 23 |
| Spouse’s schooling | 6.109 | 4.177 | 0 | 22 |
| Social capital | ||||
| Family in U.S. | 0.188 | 0.499 | 0 | 4 |
| Head’s occupation | ||||
| Agriculture | 0.266 | 0.442 | 0 | 1 |
| Unskilled manual | 0.076 | 0.265 | 0 | 1 |
| Skilled manual | 0.151 | 0.358 | 0 | 1 |
| Unemployed | 0.154 | 0.361 | 0 | 1 |
| Spouse’s labor force status | ||||
| Spouse employed | 0.228 | 0.420 | 0 | 1 |
| Country | ||||
| Mexico | 0.762 | 0.426 | 0 | 1 |
| Costa Rica | 0.0930 | 0.290 | 0 | 1 |
| Guatemala | 0.039 | 0.194 | 0 | 1 |
| Nicaragua | 0.106 | 0.308 | 0 | 1 |
| Person-years | 233,248 | |||