Table 1.
Descriptive Information, 6-month (N = 1,610) and 12-month (1,116) Post-Placement Cohorts.
| 6-Month Post-Placement Cohort | 12-Month Post-Placement Cohort | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M/% | SD | Range | M/% | SD | Range | |
| Context of Care | ||||||
| Site | ||||||
| Florida | 8.9% | 7.6% | ||||
| Illinois | 15.9% | 16.8% | ||||
| Minnesota | 21.9% | 22.0% | ||||
| New York | 13.2% | 14.4% | ||||
| Ohio | 14.7% | 16.2% | ||||
| Oregon | 9.6% | 8.4% | ||||
| Tennessee | 9.6% | 8.3% | ||||
| West Virginia | 6.1% | 6.2% | ||||
| CR is female | 59.3% | 63.7% | ||||
| CR is Caucasian | 92.0% | 92.2% | ||||
| CR age (years) | 71.47 | 7.62 | 30.63 to 102.10 | 78.83 | 7.41 | 47.03 to 97.06 |
| CR is Medicaid eligible | 50.3% | 55.1% | ||||
| CR lives with CG | 73.7% | 72.5% | ||||
| Treatment | 51.0% | 52.2% | ||||
| Kin Relationship | ||||||
| Wife | 33.4% | 29.0% | ||||
| Husband | 17.8% | 19.1% | ||||
| Daughter | 26.6% | 29.1% | ||||
| Other | 22.2% | 22.8% | ||||
| CG age (years) | 63.56 | 14.42 | 23.00 to 100.00 | 63.01 | 14.31 | 25.00 to 100.00 |
| CG income (1 = under $4,999; 11 = $50,000 and above) | 5.81 | 2.91 | 1.00 to 11.00 | 5.90 | 2.91 | 1.00 to 11.00 |
| CG is employed | 33.1% | 33.8% | ||||
| CG education (1 = elementary school; 6 = post-graduate) | 3.54 | 1.33 | 0.00 to 6.00 | 3.53 | 1.33 | 0.00 to 6.00 |
| Duration of care at baseline (in months) | 44.21 | 38.53 | 0.00 to 360.00 | 43.98 | 39.09 | 0.00 to 360.00 |
| Time to NHA from pre-placement (days) | 113.86 | 69.80 | 0.00 to 372.00 | 99.98 | 50.31 | 0.00 to 372.00 |
| Dementia Severity | ||||||
| MMSE at baseline | 14.29 | 7.89 | 0.00 to 30.00 | 14.08 | 8.14 | 0.00 to 30.00 |
| Pre-placement behavior problems | 9.67 | 4.06 | 0.00 to 19.00 | 9.74 | 4.01 | 0.00 to 19.00 |
| Functional Impairment | ||||||
| Pre-placement ADLs | 4.34 | 2.55 | 0.00 to 10.00 | 4.26 | 2.48 | 0.00 to 10.00 |
| Pre-placement IADLs | 7.13 | 1.20 | 0.00 to 8.00 | 7.10 | 1.20 | 1.00 to 8.00 |
| Pre-placement caregiving hours (typical week) | 74.67 | 61.43 | 0.00 to 988.00 | 74.66 | 68.03 | 0.00 to 988.00 |
| Pre-placement unmet needs | 2.92 | 4.31 | 0.00 to 18.00 | 3.02 | 4.36 | 0.00 to 18.00 |
| Resources | ||||||
| Pre-placement chore service use (times) | 29.76 | 98.08 | 0.00 to 1300.00 | 30.44 | 107.52 | 0.00 to 1300.00 |
| Pre-placement personal care use (times) | 67.56 | 193.55 | 0.00 to 1456.00 | 77.26 | 210.83 | 00.00 to 1456.00 |
| Pre-placement adult day service use (days) | 19.74 | 37.06 | 0.00 to 120.00 | 20.74 | 38.00 | 0.00 to 120.00 |
| Pre-placement overnight hospital use (times) | 2.05 | 7.97 | 0.00 to 120.00 | 2.23 | 9.18 | 0.00 to 120.00 |
| Pre-placement secondary caregiving hours (typical week) | 6.42 | 20.97 | 0.00 to 168.00 | 7.73 | 23.42 | 0.00 to 168.00 |
| CG pre-placement self-reported health (1 = excellent; 4 = poor) | 2.05 | .83 | 1.00 to 4.00 | 2.05 | .82 | 1.00 to 4.00 |
| CG pre-placement ADLs | .24 | .69 | 0.00 to 5.00 | .22 | .63 | 0.00 to 5.00 |
| CG pre-placement IADLs | .78 | 1.51 | 0.00 to 8.00 | .74 | 1.48 | 0.00 to 8.00 |
| Outcomes | ||||||
| Pre-placement: Clinically significant burdena | 52.9% | 52.9% | ||||
| 6-month post-placement: Clinically significant burden | 28.3% | 21.8% | ||||
| 12-month post-placement: Clinically significant burden | - | 16.7% | ||||
| Pre-placement: Clinically significant depressionb | 35.8% | 36.2% | ||||
| 6-month post-placement: Clinically significant depression | 31.1% | 25.3% | ||||
| 12-month post-placement: Clinically significant depression | - | 27.2% | ||||
| Persistent burdenc | 22.1% | 9.1% | ||||
| Persistent depressionc | 20.9% | 12.4% | ||||
NOTE: M = mean; SD = standard deviation; CR = care recipient; CG = caregiver; NHA = nursing home admission; ADL = activities of daily living; IADLs = instrumental activities of daily living; MMSE = Mini-Mental State Examination
aThose caregivers who indicated a Zarit Burden Inventory score of 13.00 or higher
bThose caregivers who reported a score of greater than or equal to six on the Geriatric Depression Scale
cCaregivers who remained in the clinically high burden and depression categories prior to and in the 6- and 12-month intervals following placement