Table 1.

Effects of tacrolimus and cyclosporin on relative gene expression levels (normalized to the housekeeping genes β-actin, clathrin and HSP) in INS-1E cells

		Tacrolimus (µmol·L−1)			Cyclosporin (µmol·L−1)
	Control	0.05	0.10	0.20	2.5	5.0	10
(A)Six hours incubation at basal (6.6 mmol·L−1) glucose concentration
Calcineurin	0.85 (0.84–0.85)	0.76 (0.75–0.83)	0.93 (0.89–0.97)	0.78 (0.77–0.79)	0.8 (0.8–0.8)	0.83 (0.73–0.93)	0.74 (0.71–0.77)
Bax/Bcl-2	0.71 (0.51–0.75)	0.74 (0.69–0.79)	0.77 (0.75–0.78)	0.82 (0.81–0.82)	0.72 (0.66–0.78)	0.76 (0.7–0.83)	0.92 (0.86–0.99)
NFATc1	1.03 (0.96–1.13)	0.99 (0.89–1.09)	1.06 (0.94–1.18)	1.02 (0.95–1.09)	1.17 (1.12–1.22)	1.11 (1.07–1.14)	1.09 (1.04–1.13)
NFATc2	12.76 (4.29–13.7)	7.77 (5.65–9.9)	6.88 (5.11–8.64)	3.77 (3.64–3.89)	2.38 (2–2.76)	5.12 (0.93–9.32)	5.07 (2.15–7.98)
NFATc3	1.11 (1.04–1.34)	0.91 (0.88–0.94)	1.09 (0.96–1.22)	1.23 (1.17–1.28)	1.14 (1.11–1.17)	1.11 (1.04–1.19)	1.29 (1.05–1.54)
NFATc4	0.35 (0.28–0.36)	0.37 (0.35–0.39)	0.39 (0.32–0.45)	0.36 (0.31–0.41)	0.38 (0.32–0.44)	0.41 (0.36–0.46)	0.37 (0.36–0.38)
(B)Six hours incubation at stimulatory (16.7 mmol·L−1) glucose concentration
Calcineurin	0.83 (0.76–0.96)	0.89 (0.76–0.96)	0.8 (0.78–0.83)	0.94 (0.84–1.04)	0.86 (0.83–0.9)	0.82 (0.74–0.9)	0.72 (0.69–0.75)
Bax/Bcl-2	0.9 (0.83–1.05)	0.89 (0.84–0.93)	0.78 (0.66–0.92)	0.98 (0.74–1.21)	0.98 (0.96–0.99)	1.15 (1.1–1.2)	1.34 (1.22–1.46)
NFATc1	0.75 (0.71–0.77)	0.83 (0.73–0.93)	0.83 (0.78–0.87)	0.8 (0.64–0.97)	0.75 (0.72–0.77)	0.82 (0.76–0.88)	0.75 (0.71–0.78)
NFATc2	4.12 (0.97–9.72)	24.16 (2.6–45.7)	4.53 (3.17–5.9)	4.19 (2.87–5.51)	1.56 (0.95–2.17)	4.42 (1.31–7.52)	26.27 (8.34–44)
NFATc3	1.11 (0.98–1.47)	1.06 (1.02–1.09)	1.06 (0.9–1.23)	1.13 (1.12–1.14)	1.14 (1.13–1.15)	1.16 (1.09–1.22)	1.34 (1.32–1.36)
NFATc4	0.21 (0.18–0.22)	0.19 (0.18–0.19)	0.19 (0.18–0.21)	0.19 (0.19–0.19)	0.19 (0.18–0.19)	0.18 (0.17–0.18)	0.20 (0.19–0.21)
(C)Twenty-four hours of incubation at basal (6.6 mmol·L−1) glucose concentration
Calcineurin	0.93 (0.83–1.08)	1.01 (0.98–1.05)	0.91 (0.9–0.93)	1.00 (0.95–1.05)	1.22 (1.0–1.44)	0.95 (0.93–0.96)	1.06 (0.93–1.2)
Bax/Bcl-2	0.74 (0.66–0.89)	0.66 (0.65–0.68)	0.79 (0.75–0.82)	0.67 (0.61–0.73)	0.74 (0.68–0.79)	0.59 (0.56–0.62)	0.71 (0.65–0.76)
NFATc1	0.88 (0.78–0.95)	0.7 (0.69–0.71)	0.77 (0.73–0.8)	0.8 (0.73–0.86)	1.25 (1.23–1.26)	1.11 (1.07–1.15)	1.08 (1.04–1.12)
NFATc2	17.75 (4.76–60.9)	19.26 (16.8–21.7)	18.13 (15.7–20.6)	12.93 (4.58–21.3)	42.11 (15.3–68.9)	5.18 (5.03–5.34)	17.13 (15.3–19)
NFATc3	1.47 (1.29–1.75)	1.57 (1.48–1.67)	1.82 (1.73–1.91)	2.1 (1.91–2.28)	1.59 (1.34–1.84)	1.5 (1.38–1.62)	1.52 (1.44–1.61)
NFATc4	0.81 (0.62–0.88)	0.9 (0.85–0.96)	0.94 (0.86–1.02)	0.99 (0.95–1.04)	1.15 (1.05–1.24)	1.1 (1.02–1.18)	1.12 (1.05–1.19)
(D)Twenty-four hours of incubation at stimulatory (16.7 mmol·L−1) glucose concentrations
Calcineurin	1.0 (0.92–1.29)	0.94 (0.83–1.15)	0.95 (0.89–1.28)	0.93 (0.91–0.99)	1.03 (0.93–1.14)	0.84 (0.76–0.92)	0.74 (0.62–0.85)
Bax/Bcl-2	1.08 (0.83–1.53)	0.98 (0.85–1.23)	0.99 (0.89–1.41)	1.14 (1.02–1.37)	1.12 (1.03–1.22)	1.18 (1.15–1.22)	1.42 (1.14–1.71)
NFATc1	0.64 (0.53–0.71)	0.6 (0.51–0.78)	0.61 (0.5–0.75)	0.61 (0.56–0.68)	0.65 (0.6–0.7)	0.64 (0.6–0.68)	0.59 (0.58–0.6)
NFATc2	20.05 (16.5–44.2)	23.04 (12.5–29.9)	46.97 (12.9–498)	53.23 (11.2–124)	16.31 (9.61–23)	8.22 (3.06–13.4)	36.0 (12.9–59.1)
NFATc3	1.66 (1.33–1.79)	1.53 (1.31–1.79)	1.62 (1.27–1.89)	1.54 (1.36–1.8)	1.75 (1.68–1.82)	1.44 (1.38–1.49)	1.48 (1.29–1.68)
NFATc4	0.26 (0.25–0.36)	0.29 (0.23–0.33)	0.34 (0.33–0.65)	0.45 (0.31–0.65)	0.29 (0.22–0.36)	0.28 (0.26–0.29)	0.28 (0.22–0.35)

Data are medians with range. n= 3 for controls and n= 2 for each drug concentration.

Bax, Bcl-2 associated X protein; Bcl-2, B-cell leukaemia/lymphoma 2; HSP, heat shock protein; NFATc, nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic.