Table 2.

Smoking Normative Belief Items—Responses and factor loadings^*

Items	Mean (SD)	Factor 1 loading	Factor 2 loading	Factor 3 loading
Perceived Prevalence
What percent of all people in the USA   smoke cigarettes at least once a month?   (0–100)†	56 (21)	0.72	0.09	0.06
What percent of 12th graders smoke   cigarettes at least once a month?(0–100)	48 (21)	0.89	0.06	−0.10
What percent of 8th graders smoke   cigarettes at least once a month?(0–100)	30 (20)	0.77	0.00	−0.03
What percent of college students smoke   cigarettes at least once a month? (0–100)	53 (21)	0.84	0.07	−0.06
Popularity Among Successful/Elite
Most successful business people smoke   cigarettes at least once a month (1–4)‡	2.0 (0.8)	0.11	0.70	−0.06
In general, more “cool” people smoke   cigarettes than “uncool” people (1–4)	1.9 (0.8)	0.07	0.72	−0.04
Wealthy people are more likely to smoke   cigarettes than poor people (1–4)	2.1 (0.8)	−0.01	0.77	0.04
My favorite celebrities probably smoke   cigarettes at least once a month (1–4)	2.2 (0.8)	0.14	0.61	−0.14
Approval by Parents/Peers
According to my parents, it is very   important for me to not smoke cigarettes   (1–4)	3.4 (0.7)	−0.04	−0.12	0.73
According to my friends, it is very   important for me to not smoke cigarettes   (1–4)	2.8 (0.9)	−0.06	−0.05	0.83
According to most people my age, it is   very important for me to not smoke   cigarettes (1–4)	2.5 (0.8)	−0.08	0.06	0.76

^*This was the second iteration of principal components analysis. After the initial analysis suggested a 3-factor solution, the number of factors was set at 3 and varimax rotation was implemented in order to determine the final factor loadings. Bold italic values were strong loadings (>0.5).

^†Students responded on an 11-point scale (0%, 10%, 20% … 100%)

^‡1=Strongly Disagree, 2=Disagree, 3=Agree, 4=Strongly Agree