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. 2011 Jan 27;366(1562):171–191. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0232

Table 8.

Mechanism of injury, primary injury sustained and life-saving interventions received by ‘mathematical and clinical unexpected survivors’ group B (n = 34). IED, improvised explosive device; GSW, gunshot wound; RPG, rocket-propelled grenade; MVC, motor vehicle collision; UXO, unexploded ordinance.

mechanism of injury number primary injury sustained (body region) number life-saving interventiona number
IED 5 lower extremities (3) catastrophic bleeding (haemostatics)
mine 4  traumatic amputation–unilateral 2  Combat Application Tourniquet (CAT) 4
GSW 11  lower limb fracture 1  QuikClot 1
RPG 3 thorax (2) airway
mortar 3  heart laceration perforation 1  pre-hospital rapid sequence induction (PH RSI) 8
MVC 1  avulsion chest wall 1  emergency department (ED RSI) 16
bomb 3 head (23)  intubation (no drugs) 3
assault 1 blunt (4)  surgical airway 2
grenade 1  base (basilar) of skull fracture 2 breathing
UXO 1  cerebrum haematoma 1  intercostal drainage 4
unknown 1  vault fracture 1  Asherman chest seal 1
penetrating (19)  thoracostomy 1
 vault fracture, complex, open 7  thoracotomy 2
 penetrating injury to skull >2 cm 6 circulation
 cerebrum haematoma 3  massive transfusion protocol 10
 cerebrum contusion 1  recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) 4
 brain stem injury with haemorrhage 1  intraosseous access 6
 base (basilar) of skull fracture 1  pericardiocentesis 1
external (1)
 burns–partial/full thickness 40–89% 1
abdomen (4)
 jejunum–ileum laceration 2
 kidney laceration 1
 liver laceration 1
spine (1)
 cord contusion 1
total 34 total 34

aTotal number of lifesaving interventions does not equal number of cases as some individuals received more than one.