Manipulation of the NEDD9-AurkA pathway influences primary cilia formation in VHL-defective RCC10 cells. (A) Left: Western blot showing increased expression of AurkA and NEDD9 in RCC10/VHL cells infected with AurkA and NEDD9 respectively. Right: quantification of primary cilia in RCC10/VHL cells overexpressing AurkA, NEDD9, or both, and in VHL-defective RCC10 cells treated for 72 hours with VX680 (250 nM), ZM447439 (2.5 μM), or TSA (100 nM). (B) Immunofluorescence photographs of VHL-defective RCC10 or RCC10/VHL cells infected or treated as indicated; scale bar corresponds to 10 μm. Values correspond to three independent experiments done in duplicate—16 fields were counted in each coverslip; this applies hereafter to all related experiments. (C) Left: Western blot using lysates from VHL-defective RCC10 cells transiently transfected with siRNA oligos for NEDD9 or control. Right: quantification of primary cilia in VHL-defective RCC10 cells transfected with siRNA for HIF-1α (100 nM), HIF-2α (100 nM), HIF-1α (50 nM) + HIF-2α (50 nM), and NEDD9 (100 nM) compared with control (100 nM).