TABLE 5.
Antiepileptogenic and disease-modifying drug effects in chronic rat models of epilepsy and post-traumatic epilepsy trials in humans
Data for animal models are from Tables 1 and 2. Data for post-traumatic epilepsy are from Temkin (2009).
| Drug | Electrical Kindling |
Post-SE Models of TLE |
Post-Traumatic Epilepsy in Patients |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Retardation of Kindling during Treatment | Disease Modification after Termination of Treatment | Prevention of Epilepsy | Disease Modification after Termination of Treatment | Prevention of Epilepsy | Disease-Modification | |
| Carbamazepine | N.E. | N.E. | N.E. | + | N.E. | ? |
| Phenytoin | N.E. | N.E. | N.E. | + | N.E. | ? |
| Phenobarbital | + | + | N.E. | +/− | N.E. | ? |
| Valproate | + | + | N.E. | + | N.E. | N.E. |
| Levetiracetam | + | + | N.E. | +/− | ? | ? |
| Topiramate | + | ? | +/− | +/− | ? | ? |
| Benzodiazepines | + | ? | N.E. | + | ? | ? |
| Vigabatrin | + | ? | N.E. | N.E. | ? | ? |
| Lamotrigine | + | N.E. | N.E. | + | ? | ? |
| NMDA antagonists | + | ? | N.E. | + | ? | ? |
+, effective; +/−, inconsistent data; N.E., not effective; ?, no data available.