Table 4.
Polysomnographic sleep measures of ADHD children and controls
| ADHD (n = 27) mean ± SD | Controls (n = 26) mean ± SD | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time in bed (min) | 408.44 ± 37.48 | 399.11 ± 35.32 | 0.356 |
| Sleep period time (min) | 388.40 ± 42.20 | 378.02 ± 44.48 | 0.387 |
| Wake time (min) | 18.54 ± 14.92 | 26.20 ± 26.20 | 0.200 |
| Total sleep time (min) | 369.86 ± 40.77 | 351.82 ± 46.80 | 0.140 |
| Sleep onset latency (min) | 20.03 ± 25.52 | 21.10 ± 31.36 | 0.892 |
| REM latency (min) | 160.04 ± 67.07 | 152.19 ± 66.70 | 0.671 |
| Sleep efficiency (%) | 90.85 ± 6.91 | 89.39 ± 8.09 | 0.482 |
| Sleep stage, min (% of SPT) | |||
| Stage 1 | 19.5 ± 15.2 (5.1) | 23.6 ± 10.8 (6.2) | 0.27 (0.22) |
| Stage 2 | 157.9 ± 37.9 (40.9) | 148.5 ± 48.9 (38.8) | 0.43 (0.48) |
| SWS | 132.23 ± 38.66 (34.05) | 122.45 ± 32.54 (33.02) | 0.33 (0.70) |
| Stage REM | 60.2 ± 26.9 (15.3) | 57.3 ± 22.1 (15.1) | 0.68 (0.89) |
| PLM index | 0.04 ± 0.08 | 0.05 ± 0.08 | 0.911 |
| SAS (%) | 44.4 | 38.5 | 0.435 |
| Primary snorer (%) | 48.1 | 57.7 | 0.337 |
| AHI (/h) | 0.90 ± 0.87 | 1.84 ± 4.59* | 0.299 |
| AHI during REM sleep (/h) | 1.20 ± 1.36 | 4.09 ± 11.48* | 0.214 |
| Spontaneous arousal index | 4.58 ± 1.86 | 4.74 ± 1.95 | 0.760 |
| Respiratory arousal index | 0.56 ± 0.78 | 1.17 ± 3.10 | 0.330 |
| Snoring time (min) | 12.60 ± 25.72 | 13.32 ± 43.71 | 0.942 |
| SpO2 (%) | 97.84 ± 0.59 | 97.82 ± 0.74 | 0.891 |
SPT, sleep period time; SWS, slow wave sleep; PLM, periodic limb movement; AHI, apnea hypopnea index; TST, total sleep time; SAS, sleep apnea syndrome.
*
Because of one outlier, control group showed large SD. After excluding the outlier, there was still no difference between two groups.