Doublecortin+ cells (DCX) present in granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus (DG) of young (4-month-old, n = 10) and aged rats (21-month-old, n = 13). Quantification of DCX shows a significant increase of DCX+ cells in the DG of aged rats treated with NT-020 for 1 month in comparison with aged rats treated with water oral gavage (one-way analysis of variance [ANOVA] F = 487.9, degrees of freedom [df ] = 2, 24; Bonferroni post hoc values [***] p < 0.005, [**] p < 0.05). Photomicrographs depicting representative sections of DCX staining in the granular cell layer (GCL) and subgranular zone (SGZ) of the DG of the hippocampus (arrows) in young rats (B,C), in control aged rats (D,E), and NT-020 aged, treated rats (F,G). Scale bars for B, D, F, 100 μm; C, E, G, 20 μm. h indicates the hilus of the dentate gyrus.