Table 1.

Training Schedule for Reinforcer Devaluation Task

Phase		Level	Training	Criterion	Average # of days to reach criterion	# of rats (%total) that completed the level
I	Food Tray Training		One pellet delivered every 15 s in the food tray	50 entries into food try and all pellets consumed	1.5 ± 0.18	32 (100%)
II	Instrumental Training	1	FR1 schedule with reinforcement on both levers	50 reinforced trials /session	3.5 ± 0.31	32 (100%)
		2	FR3 schedule with reinforcement on both levers	50 reinforced trials /session	1.8 ± 0.23	32 (100%)
		3	FR5 schedule with reinforcement on both levers	50 reinforced trials /session	1.2 ± 0.09	31 (97%)
III	Cue Training	1	Cue above each of the levers, one at a time- FR5* (one minute)	100 responses on each lever	1.7 ± 0.28	31 (97%)
		2	Cue above each of the levers, one at a time - FR5 (30 s)	3 days with >200 responses on each lever on the third day	3.1 ± 0.08	30 (94%)
		3	Cue above each of the levers, one at a time - VR9 (30 s)	200 responses on each lever	1.2 ± 0.08	30 (94%)
		4	Cue above each of the levers, one at a time - VR9 (30 s) with a timeout for incorrect responses	85% correct over 3 days	12.3 ± 0.7	20 (63%)
IV	Cue - choice training		Both cues presented simultaneously (VR9) reinforced with specific foods (15s)			20 (63%)

All averages ± Standard Error of the Mean (SEM)