Table 6.
Interaction effects between job control and social support at work on general psychological distress by the level of job demands in an alternative study group: male (n = 2,159) and female (n = 2,077) workers
| Sex | Job demands | Job control | GHQ case, % (n) | Odds ratio (95% CI)a | Synergy index (95% CI; 80% CI) | Odds ratio (95% CI)b | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Social support at work | |||||||||
| High | Low | ||||||||
| Men | Low | High | 7.1 (340) | 11.9 (219) | 1.00 | 1.53 (0.80, 2.92) | 5.88 | 1.00 | 1.58 (0.85, 2.93) |
| Low | 6.1 (179) | 18.9 (196) | 0.81 (0.36, 1.84) | 2.98 (1.58, 5.61) | (0.15–229.65; 1.31–26.43) | 0.79 (0.36, 1.73) | 2.60 (1.44, 4.72) | ||
| High | High | 11.0 (373) | 20.8 (448) | 1.00 | 1.79 (1.15, 3.71) | 0.55 | 1.33 (0.76, 2.34) | 2.32 (1.39, 3.88) | |
| Low | 19.9 (136) | 25.2 (274) | 2.07 (1.16, 3.71) | 2.03 (1.26, 3.26) | (0.24–1.28; 0.39–0.78) | 2.92 (1.53, 5.55) | 2.71 (1.58, 4.68) | ||
| Women | Low | High | 12.3 (268) | 25.7 (148) | 1.00 | 1.62 (0.90, 2.91) | 1.16 | 1.00 | 1.68 (0.95, 2.99) |
| Low | 17.1 (269) | 28.3 (286) | 1.39 (0.80, 2.41) | 2.17 (1.29, 3.63) | (0.40–3.35; 0.75–1.79) | 1.50 (0.88, 2.56) | 2.30 (1.40, 3.78) | ||
| High | High | 17.8 (225) | 33.0 (261) | 1.00 | 2.27 (1.41, 3.65) | 1.04 | 1.06 (0.61, 1.84) | 2.43 (1.48, 3.97) | |
| Low | 20.3 (197) | 37.8 (429) | 1.22 (0.71, 2.10) | 2.55 (1.64, 3.99) | (0.51–2.12; 0.78–1.40) | 1.22 (0.70, 2.13) | 2.69 (1.70, 4.27) | ||
CI confidence interval
aReference group: high job control and high social support at work in low and high job demands groups. History of psychosocial work characteristics, age, education, origin of country, marital status, family-to-conflict, number of days on sick leave, stress from outside-work problems, worry due to family members, and health conditions at baseline (musculoskeletal disorder, chronic diseases, and self-reported poor health) were all controlled for
bReference group: high job control, high social support at work, and low job demands. The aforementioned covariates were all controlled for