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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2010 Sep 7;19(11):2747–2757. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0477

Table 3.

Multivariate Model of Survival from Hepatocellular Carcinoma, California, 1988–2007 (N=6068)

Cause-Specific Survival
All Cause Survival
Unadjusted HR 95% CI Multivariate HR 95% CI Unadjusted HR 95% CI Multivariate HR 95% CI
Asian American Ethnic Groups
Chinese 0.83 0.77 –0.90 0.89 0.82 – 0.96 0.80 0.75 – 0.85 0.85 0.79 – 0.91
Vietnamese 0.83 0.76 –0.90 0.86 0.79 – 0.94 0.81 0.75 – 0.87 0.84 0.78 – 0.91
Filipino 0.91 0.83 –0.99 0.89 0.81 – 0.98 0.97 0.90 – 1.05 0.94 0.87 – 1.02
Korean 0.80 0.73 –0.89 0.90 0.82 – 1.00 0.77 0.71 – 0.84 0.86 0.79 – 0.94
Japanese 0.89 0.80 –1.00 0.99 0.87 – 1.11 0.85 0.77 – 0.95 0.93 0.83 – 1.03
Laotian/Hmong 2.08 1.78 –2.44 1.51 1.28 – 1.79 1.90 1.64 – 2.19 1.43 1.23 – 1.66
Cambodian 1.26 1.06 –1.51 1.24 1.03 – 1.48 1.25 1.07 – 1.46 1.23 1.05 – 1.44
South Asian 0.72 0.57 –0.92 0.81 0.64 – 1.03 0.84 0.69 – 1.02 0.92 0.76 – 1.11
Thai 1.17 0.87 –1.57 1.09 0.81 – 1.50 1.21 0.94 – 1.56 1.15 0.89 – 1.48
Time Period of Diagnosis
1988–1992 1.00 1.00
1993–1997 0.79 0.72 – 0.87 0.83 0.76 – 0.91
1998–2002 0.66 0.60 – 0.73 0.71 0.65 – 0.77
2003–2007 0.57 0.51 0.64 0.61 0.55 0.67
Age at Diagnosis
<49 1.00 1.00
50–59 0.87 0.79 – 0.96 0.95 0.87 – 1.04
60–69 0.85 0.77 – 0.94 0.93 0.85 – 1.02
70–79 0.93 0.84 – 1.03 1.03 0.94 – 1.13
≥80 0.97 0.85 – 1.12 1.17 1.04 – 1.32
Gender
Male 1.00 1.00
Female 1.03 0.96 – 1.11 1.05 0.98 – 1.12
Region
Los Angeles 1.00 1.00
San Francisco-Oakland 1.05 0.97 – 1.15 1.01 0.94 – 1.09
Central California 1.11 0.96 – 1.28 1.08 0.96 – 1.23
Northern California 1.05 0.92 – 1.20 1.03 0.92 – 1.16
San Diego-Imperial-Orange 1.12 1.01 – 1.24 1.10 1.01 – 1.20
Stage at Diagnosis
Remote 1.00 1.00
Regional 0.58 0.49 – 0.69 0.55 0.48 – 0.64
Local 0.37 0.31 – 0.44 0.37 0.32 0.43
Unstaged 0.65 0.55 – 0.78 0.62 0.53 – 0.72
Type of Surgery
None 1.00 1.00
Local 0.40 0.33 – 0.47 0.42 0.36 – 0.49
Resection or transplantation 0.31 0.27 – 0.35 0.34 0.31 – 0.38
Socioeconomic Status
1 - Low SES 1.00 1.00
2.00 0.99 0.89 – 1.10 1.00 0.91 – 1.10
3.00 0.88 0.79 – 0.99 0.93 0.85 – 1.03
4.00 0.89 0.80 – 0.98 0.88 0.80 – 0.97
5 - High SES 0.73 0.66 – 0.82 0.76 0.69 – 0.84

HR indicates hazards ratio; 95% CI indicates 95% confidence interval.

Each value provides independent risk of death after adjusting for all other factors presented in the table.