Table 1.

Steps to the Research Process as They are Viewed from the Community and Academic Perspectives

Step to the Research Process	Community Perspective	Academic Perspective
Formulating questions	Matches life experiences of residents	Testable
Obtaining background knowledge	Community voices: Experiential knowledge	Professional literature
Formulating a design
Sample	Those who know	Objectively obtained, sufficient statistical power
Constructs/measures	Meaningful to community	Psychometrically sound
Data collection	Culturally appropriate	Scientifically rigorous
Analysis	Through community experiences	Statistical methods
Evaluation results	Clinical significance	Statistical significance
Formulating conclusions	Relate to life experiences	Relate to original hypothesis/question
Disseminating results	Lay media, agency, and other community presentations	In scientific journals